C15: Heart Flashcards
Memorize
What are the layers of the heart?
Epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
What are the chambers of the heart?
Two top artria on each side, and two bottom ventricles on each side
What are the great vessels of the heart?
Superior and inferior vena cava, pulmonary artery which branches to each side of the heart, 4 pulmonary veins (2 for each lung), and the aorta
What are the valves of the heart and where are they located?
Atrioventricular valves between the atria and ventricles, found on both sides of the heart.
Semilunar valves between the ventricles and great arteries.
What are the 2 semilunar valves?
Pulmonary valve prevents backflow from pulmonary to right ventricle.
Aortic valve prevents backflow from aorta to left ventricle
What is systole and diastole?
Systole is the contraction of the heart and diastole is the relaxtion
What are the heart membranes?
Fibrous pericardium-pericardial sac (outer layer)
Parietal pericardium
Visceral pericardium (aka epicardium)
Pericardial space (with fluid)
What is the hearts vascular system called and it’s process?
Coronary circulation.
Coronary arteries deliver oxygenated blood to the myocardium, cardiac veins collect the deoxygenated blood.
What is the cardiac cycle?
The series of events that occur from the beginning of one heart beat to the next. The contraction of the atria followed by the contraction of the ventricle.
What are the 5 phases of the cardiac cycle?
Passive ventricular filling Atrial systole Isovolumetric contraction Ventricular ejection Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
What and where are the nodes found in the heart?
SA node: right atrium (primary node)
AV node: base of the atrium
Bundle of HIS: interventricular septum and ventricular walls
Purkinje fibers: fiber branch of bundle of HIS
What is the sequence of the electrical conduction?
SA node, internodal pathways, AV node, bundle of HIS, right & left bundle branch, purkinje fibers
