C15//3 Flashcards
what us the haber process
used to manufacture ammonia
what is ammonia used for
to make fertilisers and other chemicals
what are the raw materials for making ammonia
nitrogen and hydrogen
what is the yield of the haber process
15%
why is the yield of the haber process low
some of the ammonia produced breaks down into nitrogen
how does the haber process work
hydrogen and nitrogen gases are pumped in
the nitrogen and hydrogen is compressed
the gases pass through a reaction vessel with a catalyst
the mixture of gases is cooled and ammonia is separated in the cooling chamber
unreacted gases pass back to the reaction vessel
why is a higher pressure not used in the haber process
needs more energy to compress the gas and also stronger reaction vessels which costs more
what pressure is used in the haber process
200 atmospheres
what kind of reaction is the forwards reaction of the haber process and what temperature would give highest yield
forward reaction is exothermic so the lower the temperature the greater the yield
why is a lower temperature not used in the haber process
it would decrease reaction rate so it would take longer
what temperature is used in the haber process
450 degrees
what catalyst is used and what is the benefit
iron catalyst and it speeds up the backwards and forwards reactions by the same amount
what happens to some of the ammonia produced
used to produce ammonium nitrate another fertiliser
how can you make ammonium sulfate in the labaratory
a titration of dilute sulfuric acid against ammonia solution
what do plants need to grow
nitrogen phosphurus and potassium
how are the different products in NPK fertilisers obtained
nitrogen - produced in haber process
phosphurus - deposits of phosphate containing rock which are mined
potassium salts - are mined
