C1 Flashcards
What is an aqueous solution
A substance dissolved in water
What does conservation of mass state
No atoms are lost or made during a chemical reaction
What are the 3 methods for separating mixtures
Filtration
Crystallisation
Distillation
What is fractional distillation
A way of separating miscible liquids
What is paper chromatography
A way to separate substances from mixtures in a solution
Who discovered the electron
Thompson
What model did Thompson suggest
Plum pudding
Who suggested that electrons orbited the nucleus
Bohr
Who provided experimental evidence for neutrons
Chadwick
What is the atomic number
Amount of protons
What is the period table arranged in
Atomic number
What is the mass number
Total number of particles in the nucleus
What is an isotope in
Atoms of the same element but with different neutrons so their physical properties differ
What would you see when potassium reacts with water
Lilac flame
What does filtration do
Separates substances insoluble in a solvent from those that are soluble in a solvent
What is crystallisation
Sepersates a soluble solid from a solvent
Give an example of fractional distillation
Ethanol and water
How does fractional distillation work
Use the fact that liquids have different boiling points
Why does paper chromatography work
Some compounds are more soluble than others
What does plum pudding suggest
Negative electrons were embedded in a ball of positive charge
Who proposed the nuclear model
Rutherford
what did geiger and Marsden do
they fired alpha particles at gold foil, a few alpha particles repelled showing there was some positive charge in the atom.
explained how the atom was discovered in stages
-Dalton suggested atoms were tiny hard spheres
-at the end of the 1800s Thompson discovered the electron
-thompson proposed the plum pudding
-proton was discovered
-bohr then suggested electrons were orbiting the nucleus
Chadwick discovered neutrons in 1932
