C12 Crude Oil And Fuels

Question 1

Hydrocarbon?

Answer 1

Compound containing carbon and hydrogen only

Question 2

How is crude oil formed?

Answer 2

Over millions of years from the remains of ancient biomass

Question 3

Alkanes?

Answer 3

Hydrocarbons that only have single bonds

Question 4

What are the first four alkanes?

Answer 4

Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane

Question 5

What is the general formula for the alkanes?

Answer 5

CnH2n+2

Question 6

How does boiling point depend on chain length?

Answer 6

Longer the chain the higher the boiling point

Question 7

How does viscosity depend on chain length?

Answer 7

The longer the chain the higher the velocity

Question 8

How does flammability depend on chain length ?

Answer 8

Longer the chain the lower the flammability

Question 9

How can the different alkanes in crude oil be separated?

Answer 9

Fractional distillation

Question 10

What is a fraction?

Answer 10

A group of hydrocarbons with similar chain lengths

Question 11

Name five useful fuels produced from fractional distillation

Answer 11

Petrol
Diesel oil
Heavy fuel oil
Liquefied petroleum gases 😤
Kerosene

Question 12

Name four useful materials produced from crude oil

Answer 12

Solvents
Lubricants
Polymers
Detergents

Question 13

Cracking?

Answer 13

Breaking down a hydrocarbon with a long chain into smaller molecules

Question 14

Name two methods to carry out cracking

Answer 14

Steam cracking and catalytic cracking

Question 15

What r the products of cracking?

Answer 15

Short chain alkanes and alkanes

Question 16

Alkenes ?

Answer 16

Hydrocarbons with a double bond

Question 17

What r alkanes used for ?

Answer 17

Formation of polymers

Question 18

Describe the reactivity of alkanes compared to alkanes

Answer 18

Alkenes r much more reactive

Question 19

How can u test for alkenes?

Answer 19

Alkenes turn orange bromine water colourless