B8 Preventing And Treating Disease

Question 1

Non-specific systems the body uses to prevent pathogens entering the body

Answer 1

Skin
Cilia and mucus in the nose
Trachea
Bronchi
Stomach acid

Question 2

3 functions of white blood cells

Answer 2

Phagocytosis
Producing antibodies
Producing antitoxins

Question 3

What happens during phagocytosis?

Answer 3

The phagocyte is attracted to the area of infection, engulfs a pathogen and releases enzymes to digest the pathogen

Question 4

Antigens?

Answer 4

They r proteins on the surface of a pathogen

Question 5

Y r antibodies a specific defence ?

Answer 5

Bcuz antibodies have to be the right shape for a pathogen’s unique antigens, so they target a specific pathogen

Question 6

What is the function of an antitoxin ?

Answer 6

To neutralise toxins produced by pathogens by binding to them

Question 7

Antibiotic?

Answer 7

A drug that kills bacteria but not viruses

Question 8

What properties of new drugs r clinical trials designed to test?

Answer 8

Toxicity
Efficacy
Optimum dose

Question 9

What happens in the pre-clinical stage of a drug trial?

Answer 9

The drug is tested on cells, tissues and live animals

Question 10

Placebo?

Answer 10

Medicine with no effect that is given to patients instead of the real drug in a trial

Question 11

Double-blind trial?

Answer 11

A trial where neither patients nor doctors know who receives the real drug and who receives the placebo