B16 Evolution Flashcards
Evolution?
The change in the inherited characteristics of a population over time through natural selection, which may result in a new species
What is the theory of evolution by natural selection?
The organisms that r best adapted to their environment ♻️ r most likely to survive and pass on these characteristics to their offspring
What evidence supports the theory of evolution?
Parents 👨👩👧👦 pass on their characteristics to offspring in genes
Fossil record evidence
Evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Fossils?
Remains of organisms from millions of years ago found in rocks 🪨
How might fossils be formed?
Parts of an organism do not decay because the conditions needed to decay r absent
Traces of organisms r preserved
Parts of an organism r replaced by minerals
What r benefits of the fossil record?
It can learn how species changed and how life developed on earth 🌐, and can track 👣 the movement of species across the world 🌍
What r the problems with the fossil record?
Many early organisms were soft-bodied so left few fossils
Gaps in the fossil record as not all fossils have been found and some have been destroyed
Extinction?
No individuals of a species r still alive
What factors contribute to the extinction of a species?
Predators
Diseases or pathogens
Competition 🏇 for resources or mates 🧉
Catastrophic events 🎫
Changes in the habit
Binomial system ?
Naming of organisms by their genus and species
What classification system did Carl Woese Introduce?
Three-domain system of Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryota
Y can bacteria evolve rapidly?
They reproduce at a fast rate
How do antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria develop?
Mutations that allow the strain to survive and reproduce in the presence of the antibiotic
