B14 Variation

Question 1

Variation?

Answer 1

Differences in the characteristics of individuals In a population

Question 2

What can cause variation?

Answer 2

Genetic causes
Environmental causes
Combination of genes and the environment

Question 3

How do new phenotype variants occur?

Answer 3

Mutations

Question 4

Effects of mutations?

Answer 4

Most have no effect on phenotype
Some can influence phenotype
Very few lead to a new phenotype

Question 5

Selective breeding?

Answer 5

Breeding plants 🍃 and animals 😻 for a particular characteristics

Question 6

Describe the process of selective breeding

Answer 6

1. Choose parents with the desired characteristics
2. Breed them together
3. Choose offspring with the desired characteristics
4. Continue over many generations until all offspring show the desired characteristics

Question 7

Consequences of inbreeding?

Answer 7

Inherited defects and diseases 😷

Question 8

Genetic engineering?

Answer 8

Modifying the genome of an organism by Introducing a gene from another organism to give a desired characteristic

Question 9

Y Have plant 🍃 crops been genetically engineered?

Answer 9

To be resistant to diseases/herbicides/pesticides
To produce bigger fruits 🍓
To give higher yields

Question 10

What 😦 concerns 😟 r there abt genetically engineered crops?

Answer 10

Possible detrimental effects on wildflowers 🌹 🌸 🌺 and insects 🐝 🐛 🐞
The effects on human 🚶 health 🏥 may not be fully understood

Question 11

How have bacteria been genetically engineered?

Answer 11

To produce useful substances, such as human insulin to treat diabetes

Question 12

What r enzymes used for in genetic engineering?

Answer 12

Cut out the required gene

Question 13

What is used to transfer the required gene into the new in genetic engineering?

Answer 13

Vector (e.g., bacterial plasmid or virus)