C1.1 Enzymes and Metabolism Flashcards
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being used up.
What are enzymes made out of?
Proteins.
Each enzyme works on a specific _____ What is missing?
Substrate.
What is the active site?
The region where the substrate binds.
What is the lock and key model?
When the enzyme’s active site exactly fits the substrate.
What is the induced fit model?
When the enzyme changes shape slightly to fit the substrate better.
When is the enzyme substrate complex formed?
Forms when the enzyme binds to the substrate, leading to the reaction.
What happens to the enzyme if the temperature is too high?
The enzyme denatures.
What does it mean if an enzyme denatures?
It’s lost its shape.
What happens to an enzyme if the temperature is too low?
The reaction slows down.
What happens to the enzyme if the pH is too acidic or too alkaline?
The enzyme denatures.
Each enzyme has an optimal __. What is missing?
pH.
What is metabolism in an organism?
All chemical reactions in an organism.
What are the two types of metabolic reactions?
Anabolic and catabolic.
What is a catabolic reaction?
A reaction that breaks down molecules.
What is an anabolic reaction?
A reaction that builds up molecules.
Enzymes lower ______ ______ making reactions occur ______.
Enzymes lower activation energy making reactions occur faster.
