B3.1 Gas exchange Flashcards
What is gas exchange?
The process of oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal from an organism, which occurs by diffusion across a respiratory surface.
What are the four structures involved in gas exchange?
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
What is the trachea?
Main airway which connects the mouth and nose to the lungs.
What are the bronchi?
Two branches leading into each lung.
What are the bronchioles?
Smaller airways which branch out inside the lungs.
What are the alveoli?
Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs.
______ diffuses from ____ into ____ to be transported into _____ What is missing? (human gas exchange stage 1)
Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into blood (capillaries) to be transported into cells.
______ diffuses from _____ into _____ to be ______ What is missing? (human gas exchange stage 2)
Carbon dioxide diffuses from blood into alveoli to be exhaled.
What are the adaptations of the alveoli?
Large surface area, thin walls, rich blood supply (capillaries)
In the lungs, millions of ____ help increase surface area. This is important because this increases the _____ _____. What is missing?
In the lungs, millions of alveoli help increase surface area. This is important because this increases the diffusion efficiency.
Why do thin walls help the alveoli?
For faster diffusion.
How does the rich blood supply (capillaries) help the alveoli?
Capillaries help to maintain the concentration gradient.
Where does gas exchange occur in plants?
In the leaves via the stomata.
What is the stomata?
Tiny pores controlled by guard cells.
_____ and _____ diffuse in and out for _____ and ______ What is missing? (plant gas exchange)
Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out for photosynthesis and respiration.
What is the role of the guard cells in plant gas exchange?
The guard cells regulate stomata opening to prevent water loss.
