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HSC - Unit 1 > C1: The physical changes in ageing > Flashcards

C1: The physical changes in ageing Flashcards

1
Q

As a person ages, what heart condition are they more likely to get?

A

Cardiovascular disease

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2
Q

What is the main purpose of the heart?

A

Pump blood around the body

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3
Q

What narrows the arteries?

A

Fats such as cholesterol building up

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4
Q

What is the name for the ‘clogging up’ of arteries?

A

Atherosclerosis

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5
Q

What may cause angina?

A

If the coronary artery is partially blocked

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6
Q

What are the risks of cardiovascular disease?

A
  • Family history
  • Ethnic background
  • Poorly controlled diabetes
  • Prolonged rise in blood pressure
  • Being overweight
  • Smoking
  • Lack of exercise
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7
Q

What do an individual senses depend on?

A

The nervous system

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8
Q

What do the nervous system include?

A
  • Nerves
  • Spinal cord
  • Brain
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9
Q

What does nervous tissue allow?

A

An individual to receive stimuli and process information

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10
Q

What part of brain function is affected first in ageing?

A

Short-term memory and ability to learn new material

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11
Q

When does the ability to use words and vocabulary begin to decline?

A

After 70

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12
Q

When does cognitive and intellectual ability begin to decline?

A

Around age 80 if no neurological disorders are present

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13
Q

What can speed up age related brain function decline?

A
  • High blood pressures
  • Diabetes
  • High cholesterol
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14
Q

What in the brain decreases with the ageing process?

A

Blood flow

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15
Q

What process in the brain becomes slower?

A

The self-repairing procession cells

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16
Q

What is osteoarthritis?

A
  • A degenerative disease
  • As a result of wear and tear of the joints and the ageing process
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17
Q

What does osteoarthritis cause?

A
  • The joints become painful and stiff
18
Q

Who are more likely to get osteoarthritis?

A
  • Women are more likely than men
  • generally appears in late 40s and 75
19
Q

What is cartilage?

A

A protective cushion between the ends of the bones

20
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

When the bones become less dense making them fragile and liable to fracture

21
Q

What are cataracts a result off?

A

A change in the lens of the eye

22
Q

When may cataracts start forming?

A

Between ages 50 and 60

23
Q

What does diabetes greatly increase?

A

Developing cataracts

24
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

Increase of fluid pressure within the eye

25
Q

How does glaucoma effect a person?

A
  • Affect eyesight in later life
  • Hazy or blurry vision
  • Eye pain
  • Sudden loss of vision
26
Q

What can block sound transmission to the sensory nerves?

A

Increase in wax

27
Q

Why does difficulty hearing high frequency sound increase with age?

A

The sensitivity of nerve cells in the inner ear decreases

28
Q

What happens to energy as a person gets older?

A

Reduces

29
Q

What may a older person need more off in their diet?

A
  • More protein-rich food in their diet such as eggs, dairy foods and lean meat
30
Q

What minerals and vitamins are found in dairy, meat, eggs and fish?

A
  • Zinc
  • Calcium
  • Magnesium
  • Sodium
31
Q

What is vitamin D important for?

A

Good health and absorbing calcium from food

32
Q

How is vitamin D obtained?

A
  • Largely obtained from sunlight
33
Q

What can vitamin D deficiency cause?

A

Disorders such as osteoporosis and bone fractures

34
Q

What may older people lack?

A
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin C
  • Iron
  • Fibre
35
Q

What is vitamin C essential for?

A

Wound healing and forming and maintaining healthy tissues

36
Q

What is dementia?

A

A brain disorder which affects a persons ability to carry out daily tasks and activities

37
Q

What may someone with dementia have difficulty doing?

A
  • Understanding what’s going on
  • Communicating
  • Reasoning
  • Finding their way
  • Remembering recent events
38
Q

What are the two major types of dementia?

A
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • Vascular dementia
39
Q

What is Alzheimers disease?

A
  • Onset is usually slow involving parts of the brain controlling thought, memory and language
  • Trouble with STM
  • Symptoms gradually worsen, may lose the ability to do everyday tasks
40
Q

When does Alzheimers disease usually begin?

A

After 60, there is a higher risk if their is family history

41
Q

What can depression cause?

A
  • Lack of energy
  • Low motivation
  • Interrupted sleep pattern
  • Changes to appetite
  • Headaches

HSC - Unit 1 (13 decks)

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