A1 - physical development across the life stages Flashcards
What are the life stages in order?
- Birth and infancy
- Early childhood
- Adolescence
- Early adulthood
- Middle adulthood
- Later Adulthood
What age is birth and infancy?
0-2 years
What age is early childhood?
3-8 years
What age is adolescence?
9-18 years
What age is early adulthood?
19-45 years
What age is middle adulthood?
46-65 years
What age is later adulthood?
65+ years
What is the definition of growth?
An increase in measurable quantity such as height or weight
What are the 4 principles of growth?
- Growth rates are not constant
- Different parts of the body grow at different rates
- Growth rates vary between children
- The growth rate of boys is usually faster on average than girls, as men tend to be taller than women
What is the definition of development?
The complex changes in skills and capabilities that an individuals experiences as they grow
What is checked between birth and 6 weeks?
- A babies head circumference
- This is to identify any brain abnormalities
What are centile graphs?
- They give the height and weight expected from a child at a certain age
- There is centile graphs for boys and girls
What are the principles of development?
- Happens from head to toe, an infant will first be able to control their head, the develop control over their body to enable them to sit and finally have control over their legs and feet to allow them to crawl and walk
- Happens inside to outside, an infant learns to control movements in their body first, then in arm and legs and then the small muscles
- Happens in the same sequence but at different rates
- Happens holistically, areas of development are dependent on and influence each other
What is the definition of developmental norms?
A description of an average set of expectations that a child is expected to meet
What are the 4 main skills of acquisition?
Physical development
Social development
Emotional development
Intellectual development
What is the definition of gross motor skills
Large movement that use the large muscles in the body
What is the definition of fine motor skills
Small muscle movements that use small muscles in the body
What is a newborn gross motor skill?
Primitive reflexes such as grasp
What is a newborn fine motor skill?
Hold their thumbs tucked into their hands
What is a 1 month old gross motor skill?
Lifts chin, some control of the head
What is a 1 month old fine motor skill?
Opens hand to grasp a finger
What is a 3 month old gross motor skill?
Can lift their head and chest when lying on their front
What is a 3 month old fine motor skill?
Can briefly grasp a rattle
What is a 6 month old gross motor skill?
Can roll over, sit up for a short time without support, kick legs when held up
What is a 6 month old fine motor skill?
Move objects from hand to hand and can pick up dropped toys if they are in sight
What is a 9-10 month old gross motor skill?
Crawl and begin to cruise
What is a 9-10 month old fine motor skill?
Use finger and thumb to hold a small object