C - Hormones, plant hormones, menstrual cycle

Question 1

What are hormones?

Answer 1

CHEMICAL messengers which TRAVEL IN THE BLOOD to ACTIVATE TARGET CELLS

Question 2

What’s the differences between nerves and hormones?

Answer 2

NERVES:
Long lasting
Act for a short time
Act on a precise area

HORMONES:
Slower reaction
Act for a long time
Act in a more general way

Question 3

Where is FSH and LH produced?

Answer 3

Pituitary gland

Question 4

Explain the menstrual cycle in detail

Answer 4

1. FSH levels stimulates the egg to mature in one of the ovaries.
2. This stimulates the production of oestrogen which repairs the uterus wall.
3. This stimulates a surge of LH which stops FSH.
4. The LH causes ovulation (egg is released and ovaries thicken) from day 14 to 28.
5. If egg doesn’t get fertilised the walls of uterus shed at day 28.

Question 5

What hormone can be used to prevent the release of an egg?

Answer 5

Oestrogen

Question 6

What is a plant growth hormone?

Answer 6

Auxin

Question 7

Shoots grow towards ______ and therefore….

Answer 7

Light

The shaded side grows faster causing it to bend and it to grow towards the light

Question 8

Shoots grow away from…

Answer 8

Gravity

Question 9

Roots grow towards ______ and ______

Answer 9

Gravity and moisture

Question 10

Roots grow towards…

Answer 10

Moisture

Question 11

Name two hormones used in contraceptive pills

Answer 11

Oestrogen

progesterone

Question 12

Where is oestrogen produced?

Answer 12

Ovaries

Question 13

Hormones travel through your body at what speed?

Answer 13

The speed of blood

Question 14

What is the menstrual cycle?

Answer 14

The monthly release of an egg from a woman’s ovaries and the build up and break down of the protective lining in the uterus (womb)

Question 15

What happens Day 1 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 15

The bleeding and breakdown of the uterus lining

Question 16

What happens on day 4 of The menstrual cycle?

Answer 16

Lining of the uterus builds up

Question 17

What happens on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 17

The egg is released

Question 18

What happens on day 28 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 18

The cycle starts again (period starts!)

Question 19

What hormone can be used to stimulate thick cervical mucus which prevents any sperm getting through and reaching an egg?

Answer 19

Progesterone

Question 20

Name the 2 hormones used as contraception

Answer 20

Progesterone and oestrogen

Question 21

What two hormones can be injected into women to stimulate egg release in their ovaries?

Answer 21

FSH And LH

Question 22

What are the two disadvantages of the hormone injection that helps women to get pregnant (2)

Answer 22

• It doesn’t always work

* Too many eggs could be stimulated, resulting in multiple pregnancies (e.g. Twins)

Question 23

What does IVF involve?

Answer 23

Collecting eggs from the woman’s ovaries and fertilising them in a lab using the mans sperm. Once the embryos are tiny balls of cells, one or two are transferred into the woman’s uterus to improve the chance of pregnancy

Question 24

What are a couple disadvantages of IVF?

Answer 24

• Some women have strong side effects to the hormones
• Some reports of increased cancer
• Multiple births can occur

Question 25

Auxin controls the growth of a plant in response to …

Answer 25

Light, gravity, and moisture

Question 26

Auxin controls the growth of a plant in response to light (__________)

Answer 26

Phototropism

Question 27

Auxin controls the growth of a plant in response to gravity (__________)

Answer 27

Gravitropism

Question 28

Auxin is produced in the ___ and and moves backwards to stimulate ______________ which occurs just behind the tips

Answer 28

Tips

Cell elongation

Question 29

Hormonal weed killers target flat-leaved plants and disrupt their …

Answer 29

Growth patterns which soon kills them but leaves things like grass untouched

Question 30

What will happen if you add rooting powder to plant cuttings?

Answer 30

They’ll produce roots rapidly and start growing as new clone plants