C-Chapter6.思维 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

思维的定义

A

借助语言 表象 动作 实现的对客观事物间接概括的认识,是认识的高级形式,揭示事物本质特征和内部联系,表现在概念形成 问题解决 决策中。

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

概念形成的基础和思维迁移的前提

A

思维的概括性:大量感性材料的基础上归纳出事物共同的特征和规律

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

遗觉象

A

刺激停止作用后,脑中依然保持异常清晰 鲜明的表象;多见于儿童

📒感觉后像:刺激停止作用后在脑海中暂时保存的印象;可以向外界投射

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

概念的定义

A

对客观事物本质特征的认识,有共同属性的一类事物的总称;【思维的基本单位】

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

概念形成的策略

A
  1. 保守型聚焦
  2. 冒险型聚焦
  3. 同时性扫描
  4. 及时性扫描

聚属性扫假设

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

概念结构理论

A

📌层次网络模型
📌激活扩散模型
📌特征表理论
📌原型模型

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

层次网络模型

A

💡Collins
节点;连线;层次高低;分级储存;搜索,反应时间。

接连成绩收拾

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

激活扩散理论

A

💡Collins

基础;连线;激活;强度会衰退

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

特征表理论

A

💡波纳:针对人工概念

本质特征;特意性特征;整合特征的规则(肯定否定和取析取条件)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

原型模型

A

茹什:概念以原型表征

原型:最能代表所在范畴的典型成员

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

推理的类型

A

三段论推理;线性推理;条件推理

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

爬山法和手段目的分析法的区别

A

手段目的分析法有时不得不【增大】目标状态与初始状态的差异

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

影响问题解决的因素

A

知性事故,个人动情,原谅了表姐

  1. 问题的表征方式
  2. 知识的数量和组织方式 3.无关信息的干扰
  3. 思维定势/心向 5.功能固着
  4. 情绪与动机 7.人际关系 8个性特征
  5. 原型启发 10.解决策略 11.酝酿效应
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

决策理论有哪些

A
  1. 古典决策(问不要信,方苹果最优)
  2. 行为决策(一斤李子)
  3. 期望效用
  4. 前景理论(风险规避 损失厌恶 3⃣️启发策略)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

想象的定义和基本特点

A

💡想象是加工改造脑海中已有的表象,形成新形象的过程

特点:形象性 新颖性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly