Brown's Speaking

Question 1

What are the issues in teaching oral communication ?

What makes speaking difficult?

Answer 1

•Conversional discourse
Goals and techniques of teaching conversation is extremely diverse depending on the learners and the teacher
•Teaching pronunciation
For majority of the speaker correct pronunciation can not be taught
•Accuracy and fluency
What to prioritize?
•Affective factors
Language ego, inhibition, low self esteem
•Interactional effect
Interlocuteur effect in particular makes it hard

Speaking is difficult due to the following 
Clustering 
Reduced forms 
Performance variables 
Colloquial language 
Rate of delivery 
Stress intonation and rhythm 
Interaction

Question 2

Micro skills of oral communication

Types of speaking activities

Answer 2

Producing chunks of language
Producing reduced forms
Placing correct stress intonation and use correct rhythm
Using non verbal clues
Fluent speech at different levels
Using sociolinguistic features like registers, pragmatics and conventions

Imitative- carried out for the purpose of focusing on a feature of the language form
Intonation, vowel sound m (drills)

Intensive- one step ahead of imitative that includes a speaking performance designed for phonological or grammatical purpose , go over the form of lan

Responsive - providing short answers for the teachers questions
Doesn’t extend to the form of a dialogue

Transactional - extension of responsive, exchange of information
Ex What is this on the board
Why do we use this
What are the other instances

Interpersonal - carried out to maintain social relationships
Students and teachers communication in the classroom

Extensive - focuses in intermediate and advances stridents where they deliver monologues in the form of speeches, presentations

Question 3

Factors that affect teaching pronunciation

Kenworthy (1978)

Answer 3

Native language

Age

Exposure

Identity and language ego

Innate phonetic ability

Motivation and concern