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Theriogenology > Breeding Soundness Exam > Flashcards

Breeding Soundness Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Why do you want to perform a breeding soundness exam in a bull?

A
  • You want a bull that is healthy and can impregnate all the cows
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2
Q

What are the four parts that make up a bull BSE?

A
  • Physical exam
  • Minimum scrotal circumference based on age –> how many cows a bull can deal with during a breeding season
  • Minimum progressive motility of 30%
  • Minimum of 70% morphologically normal cells
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3
Q

What do you want to make sure a bull can do before you do a BSE?

A
  • That he can see –> be able to recognize cows

- That he can jump/ mount

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4
Q

T/ F

Test mating is included in a BSE

A

False!

It is not included in a BSE, but can be included if he has a history of infertility

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5
Q

What are some options for permanent IDs?

A 
Metal ear tag
Tattoo
Hot brand
Freeze brand
Horn brand
EID --> allows you to monitor and follow them
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6
Q

Why must you be aware of body condition score of a bull during BSE?

A
  • Bulls typically lose 1 body condition score mark during the mating season –> have them be a little heavier
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7
Q

What happens when a lateral claw grows too long?

A
  • “Spiral claw” where the lateral claw grows into the medial claw, causing lameness
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8
Q

How do you perform an exam on the external genitalia?

A
  • Methodically palpate the :
    Testes - symmetrical, firm (flexed forearm), cooler temp
    Epididymis - symmetrical, water “balloon consistency”, sperm granulomas (very hard)
    Pampiniform plexus - fluid, nodules
    Scrotum - pendulous
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9
Q

What is the minimum amount of time you need to wait before you decide to castrate your bull?

A
  • 2 years –> amount of time it take for the scrotum to fully develop
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10
Q

What does the prostate feel like in the bull?

A
  • ” A wedding ring on a giant’s finger”
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11
Q

What does the seminal vesicles feel like in the bull?

A
  • Saponified fat or grape clusters

- Should be soft and symmetrical

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12
Q

What are some semen collection methods?

A
  • Electro-ejaculator –> most common
  • Manual massage –> use on young bulls or bulls that can’t use EE
  • AV collection –> exclusively used at bull stud operations
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13
Q

How do you rank gross motility of sperm?

A
  • Very good, good, acceptable, poor (can’t use)
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14
Q

How long does spermatogenensis take in bulls?

A

~62 days

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15
Q

Why would an animal be deferred on a final classification?

A
  • The bull may be treated for a disease that may still need to resolve
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16
Q

Do fibrocartilaginous increase in size or length?

A

Length not width due to the corpus spongiosum

17
Q

Why are penile papillomas/ warts an issue sometimes?

A
  • A wart can block the urethra

- To remove, place a catheter, give local anesthetic, remove wart

18
Q

What is a penile hair ring?

A
  • An accumulation of hair around penis that is harmless, but may cause necrosis if severe
  • Remove with scissors
19
Q

What is a persistent frenulum?

A
  • An incomplete separation of penis and prepuce
  • Potentially problematic if bull offspring will be used for breeding
  • Usually no problem if bull offspring used for food
20
Q

What is the difference between bos indicus and bos taurus cattle?

A
  • Bos indicus have much more skin all around, including the prepuce, which leads to problems
21
Q

How does a preputial laceration occur?

A
  • During copulation, the bull lacerates the prepuce on the during the last thrust
  • Laceration will heal transversely and not look good
  • Seen mostly in bos indicus breeds
22
Q

What is the prognosis of preputial lacerations?

A
  • Guarded
23
Q

How can you medically treat preputial lacerations?

A
  • Conservative: debride, emollient ointment = “Petercillin”
24
Q

How do you surgically treat preputial laceration?

A
  • Resection and anastomosis “gold standard”

- Amputate affected prepuce

25
Q

How will you have a successful PL recovery?

A
  • Must sexually rest for 60-120 days –> may not guarantee full recovery
26
Q

What does penile hematomas look like?

A

Symmetrical swelling around the prepuce

27
Q

What is the medical treatment for penile hematoma?

A
  • Sexual rest for 60 days
  • Broad spectrum ABs
  • Want the body to resorbed the clot
28
Q

Generally, how do you want to treat penile deviations?

A
  • Either lengthen or shorten the apical ligament

Theriogenology (19 decks)

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