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A- Resp and cardio > Breathlessness > Flashcards

Breathlessness Flashcards

1
Q

Resp causes of breathlessness

A

Pneumonia
Pneumothorax
PE
Pulmonary effusion
Pulmonary oedema
Asthma attack
COPD
Foreign body

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2
Q

Non resp causes of breathlessness

A

Anxiety
Anaemia
Chest wall deformity
Scoliosis
Obesity
Metabolic acidosis
HF, kidney failure, decompensated liver disease

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3
Q

Cardiac cause of SOB signs

A

Orthopnea
PNND
Breathlessness at night, wakes from sleep gasping for breath
Exercise tolerance

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4
Q

Cardiac differentials for SOB

A

HF, palpitations, valve disease, AF, acute CS

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5
Q

Sudden onset SOB

A

PE, pneumothorax, MI
Hours/days = pneumonia

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6
Q

PMH SOB

A

Atopy
Rheumatoid
Existing resp conditions

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7
Q

Why are beta blockers and NSAIDs contraindicated in asthma?

A

Cause bronchoconstriction

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8
Q

What side effect do ACEis cause?

A

Dry cough

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9
Q

What drugs can cause pulmonary fibrosis?

A

Amiodarone, methotrexate (nephrotoxic)

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10
Q

Amiodarone - what drug

A

Class III antiarrhthmic drug
https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01118

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11
Q

Example of a SAMA

A

Ipatropium

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12
Q

Example of a SAMA

A

Ipatropium

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13
Q

Example of a Long acting antimuscuranic

A

Tiotropium

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14
Q

Oral steroids used in respiratory diseases

A

Prednisolone

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15
Q

LABA examples

A

Salmeterol, formeterol

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16
Q

What resp condition do night sweats indicate?

A

TB

17
Q

Differentials for SOB

A
  • Bronchitis
  • COPD
  • Allergies
  • Asthma
  • Anaemia
  • Obesity
  • Anxiety
  • Kidney failure
  • Pneumonia
  • Scoliosis
  • Pleural effusion
  • Cardiovascular
  • Heart Failure
  • Lung cancer
  • Liver failure
  • U/LRTIs
  • Palpitations/ AF/arrythmias
  • Valvular disease
18
Q

If someone has low sats, raised RR, low BP, high HR what is the likely resp diagnosis?

A

Infection eg pneumonia
Possibly massive PE -> circulatory collapse
Temp less likely in PE

19
Q

What causes LVH?

A

Demand and supply problme -> resistance -> INCREASED cardiac workload therefore hypertrophy

A- Resp and cardio (58 decks)

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