Brainstem 2 Flashcards
Medial lemniscus homunculus
Legs are more towards the anterior while arms are towards posterior
Hypothalamic tract
Sympathetic fibers passing to the IML
Central tegmental tract
Input to inferior olive from red nucleus of the midbrain
Vagus nerve effernt
SVE - pharynx, larynx, soft palate (except tensor)
GVE - parasympto to thorax and abdomen to mid tvs colon
Vagus nerve affarent
GVA - From larynx trachea, heart, esoph, digestive up to tvs colon
SVA - taste from epiglottis and palat
GSA - tympanic memb rane
SVE of vagus nerve…cell bodies and lesion
Cell bodies in the nucleus ambiguous
Motor part of cough reflex and gag
Drooping palate to side of lesion
Uvula to opposite
Dysphagia, dysphonia, and dysarthira
GVE of vagus nerve cell bodies
Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus
GSE of vagus nerve cell bodies
In the superior ganglion of the vagus nerve
Terminate in spinal trigeminal nucleus
GVA cell bodies of vagus
In the nodose ganglion
Terminate in nucleus tractus oslitarius
SVA cell bodies of vagus
Terminate in nucleus tactus solitarius
Wallenberg’s syndrome
SPinothalamic - contra
Spinocerebellar tracts/inf peduncle/vestibular nuclei - ipsi
Spinal trgeminal nucleus - ipsi
Vagal root fibers/nucleus ambiguus - ipsi weakness
Hypothalamic fibers to sympathetic IML - ipsi miosis, ptosis, decreased sweating and flushed face (Horner’s syndrome)
Raphe nuclei
Serotoninergic neruons
Descending conmponent involved in pain modulation in dorsal horn
Ascending involved in limbic and arousal
mRF
Mostly outflow (pontine and meduallry reticulospinal)
lRF
Coordinates local circuits
Cardiovascular homeostasis (medulla) - blood pressure and HR
Resp homeostasis (medulla) - resp rate
Micturation center - urinary control (pons)
Org of symp and parasymp
Symp - thoracolumbar
Parasymp - craniosacral
What can symp neurons do?
Terminate at same level
Ascend or descend in chain
Pass through without synapsing as a splanchnic nerve and synapse in collateral ganglia
Parasympathetic compoenents
CN nuclei 3,7,9,and 10
S2-4
Second is in ganglia of the head
Baroreceptor reflex
RVLM can help stimulate the IML Nucleus solitarius is where baroreceptors terminate
NTS inhibits the RVLM (via the CVLM (GABA-nergic)) and can activate the nucleus ambiguous to be parasympathetic
Projections of NTS
Midbrain to parabrachial nucleus to amygdala, insular cortex and hypothalamus
To pons, medulla, and spinal cord
To hypothalamus
Hypothalamus can control
Many different regulatory process adn can override reflexive mechs
