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ANAT 321 > Brainstem > Flashcards

Brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

Medial Lemniscus Arm vs Leg organization

A

Arms are at top, legs are at bottom

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2
Q

Pons Arms vs legs

A

Arms more medial, legs more lateral

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3
Q

Midbrain

A

Cant see 4th ventricle anymore, we see the cerebral aqueduct now

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4
Q

Cerebral Aqueduct

A

Tube connecting 4th ventricle and 3rd ventricle

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5
Q

Midbrain arms vs legs

A

ASK FRIENDS

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6
Q

Cranial Nerves

A

Memorize all 12 cranial nerves

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7
Q

Olfactory nerve

A
  • First cranial nerve
    Sense of smell
    Sensory
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8
Q

Optic nerve -

A

second cranial nerve
Eyes to brain
Sensory

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9
Q

Occulomotor nerve

A

Third Cranial Nerve
6 muscles that control your eyes
Controls 4 of the muscles - only motor neurons

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10
Q

Cranial nerves, motor or sensory?

A

Some are only motor
Some are only sensory
Some are mixed

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11
Q

Trochlear Nerve

A

Cranial Nerve 4
Controls a different muscle that controls movement of the eyes

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12
Q

Trigeminal Nerve

A

5
Sense of touch and pain in the face
E.g people studying headaches

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13
Q

Abducens nerve

A

6
Another eye muscle one

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14
Q

How many cranial nerves control eye muscles?

A

3

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15
Q

Vestibulocochlear nerve

A

8
Info about balance and hearing

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16
Q

Facial Nerve

A

7
Muscles in face
Bellspalsy - side of face is paralyzed

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17
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

A

9
Sense of taste

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18
Q

Vagus Nerve ***Important

A

10
Main parasympathetic nerve controlling the internal organs(visceral organs)

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19
Q

Parasympathetic system

A

Slows heart down
Slows breathing
Constricts pupils
Increases intestinal motility

20
Q

Hypoglossal nerve

A

13
muscles in your tongue

21
Q

Spinal Accessory nerve

A

12
Muscles in back

22
Q

Spinal cord - Dorsal Grey Matter

A

Sensory

23
Q

Spinal Cord - Ventral Grey Matter

A

Motor

24
Q

Spinal Cord - Middle grey Matter

A

Autonomic neurons
Info in and out
Visceral

25
Q

Organization of cranial nerve nuclei and why is it different from spinal cord organization?

A

Different because of space created by 4th ventricle, all is spread.
Symmetrical on left and Right side
Top left and right: Somatic Sensory
Second: Visceral Sensory
Third: Visceral Motor
Bottom middle: Somatic Motor

26
Q

In the brainstem where are the motor nuclei?

A

Medial

27
Q

Where are the sensory nuclei in the brainstem?

A

Lateral

28
Q

Where are the autonomic nuclei?

A

In between sensory and motor

29
Q

Fiber tract - tract

A

Bundle of axons in CNS

30
Q

Nerve

A

Bundle of axons in PNS

31
Q

Projections

A

Extend from one region of NS to another

32
Q

Which region of brainstem is most caudal?

A

Medulla

33
Q

Cross-section of caudal medulla

A

Bundles of axons at top right and left
The more middle smaller are is the fasiculus gracilis
The area more at the side is the fasiculus cuneatus

34
Q

Axons of dorsal columns

A
35
Q

Fasiculus cuneatus

A

more lateral segregation of dorsal column
arms

36
Q

Faciculus Gracilis

A

legs
more medial

37
Q

Spinothalamic tract, other term?

A

Anteriolateral pathway

38
Q

Correspondence of tract names

A

Where it starts and where it ends
e.g spinothalamic tract

39
Q

Where is the second synapse of dorsal column axons

A

2nd order neurons in the dorsal column nuclei of the medulla

40
Q

Nucleus gracilis

A

Input from legs and lower body

41
Q

Nucleus Cuneatus

A

Input from arms and upper body

42
Q

Nucleus

A

Collection of dendrites, cell bodies and synapses in the CNS

43
Q

Ganglia

A

Collection of dendrites, cell bodies and synapses in the PNS

44
Q

Rostral Medulla
What becomes visible?

A

Axons of dorsal column nuclei have crossed to the contralateral side of the brainstem to form a fiber tract called the medial lemniscus
4th ventricle becomes visible

45
Q

Pons

A

Legs more lateral
Legs more medial

46
Q

Midbrain

A

Cerebral aqueduct

47
Q

How do sympathetic preganglionic neurons work?

A

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine, which activates nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors on postganglionic neurons. Postganglionic neurons release
norepinephrine, which activates α and β adrenergic receptors on the target organs.

ANAT 321 (17 decks)

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