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Neuro > Brain Tumours > Flashcards

Brain Tumours Flashcards

1
Q

Types of glioma?

A

Astrocytoma
Oligodendroglioma
Ependymoma

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2
Q

What are astrocytomas derived from?

A

Astrocytes

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3
Q

Who gets astrocytomas?

A

Children and young adults

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4
Q

What is a low grade glioma?

A

An astrocytoma - slow growing and truly benign

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5
Q

Treatment for grade 1 glioma?

A

Surgery is curative

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6
Q

How does a low grade/ grade II glioma/astrocytoma present?

A

Seizures

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7
Q

Treatment for grade II astrocytoma?

A

Surgery

+/- radiation / chemo

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8
Q

What is a grade 3 astrocytoma?

A

Anaplastic astrocytoma - malignant

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9
Q

Survival of a grade 3 astrocytoma?

A

2 years

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10
Q

What is a grade 4 glioma?

A

Glioblastoma multiforme - malignant

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11
Q

Survival with grade 4 glioma?

A

< 1 year

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12
Q

Treatment for malignant gliomas?

A

Surgery
Post op radiotherapy
Chemo - temozolamide

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13
Q

What are oligodendrogliomas derived from?

A

Oligodendrocytes

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14
Q

Where are oligodendrogliomas usually found?

A

Mainly in frontal lobes

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15
Q

Who normally gets oligodendrogliomas?

A

25-45 year olds

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16
Q

Diagnosis for oligodendrogliomas?

A

MRI
CT
Biopsy

17
Q

Treatment of oligodendrogliomas?

A

Chemo sensitive

Surgery and chemo

18
Q

Median survival of low grade oligodendrogliomas?

A

10 years

19
Q

Who gets meningiomas?

A

More females

Older

20
Q

Where do meningiomas starts?

A

Meninges

21
Q

Are meningiomas fast growing?

A

No majority are benign and slow growing

22
Q

Presentation of meningiomas?

A

Majority asymptomatic
Headaches
Regional anatomical disturbance
If affect skull base -> cranial nerve neuropathies

23
Q

Diagnosis of meningiomas?

A

CT
MRI
Angiography

24
Q

Treatment of meningiomas?

A

Small - expectant
Perioperative embolisation
Surgery
Radiotherapy

25
Q

Name nerve sheath tumours?

A

Schwannoma
Neurofibromas
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPST)

26
Q

Where is a vestibular schwannoma?

A

Schwann cells in CN VIII

27
Q

Who gets vestibular schwannoma?

A

Older people

28
Q

Do vestibular schwannomas have any associations?

A

Neurofibromatosis

29
Q

Signs or symptoms of vestibular schwannoma?

A

Unilateral hearing loss
Tinnitus
Dysequilibrium

30
Q

Diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma?

A

Audiometry

MRI

31
Q

Treatment for vestibular schwannoma?

A

Medically - hearing aid and regular MRIs
Surgically
Radio surgery - gamma knife if surgery is too high risk or refusal

Neuro (19 decks)

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