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OT Anatomy > Brachial plexus > Flashcards

Brachial plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What is the brachial plexus?

A

Network of spinal nerves (C-5 through T-1) that provide innervations to upper extremity + shoulder areas

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2
Q

parts of the brachial plexus in order

A
  1. roots
  2. trunks
  3. divisions
  4. cords
  5. branches
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3
Q

Where is the root located?

A

btwn anterior + middle scalene

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4
Q

where is the trunk located?

A

posterial cervical triangle (divided by SCM), near clavicle

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5
Q

where are the divisions located?

A

deep to the clavicle

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6
Q

where are the cords located?

A

deep to axilla beneath pec minor, adjacent to axillary artery

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7
Q

where are the branches located?

A

inside coracobrachial muscle

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8
Q

what are the sensory part of the nerves called?

A

dermatomes

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9
Q

what are the motor part of the nerves called?

A

myotomes

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10
Q

what are the 3 nerves that come off the roots?

A
  1. dorsal scalpula
  2. long thoracic
  3. phrenic
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11
Q

what is the dorsal scapula formed from? what does it innervate?

A

formed form C5

innervates: rhomboids (major + minor), levator scapulae which elevates scalpula

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12
Q

what does the long thoracic nerve innervate?

A

serratus anterior

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13
Q

what does the phrenic nerve innervate?

A

the diaphragm which helps in breathing

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14
Q

what are the 3 levels of the trunks and what are they formed from?

A
  1. superior: C5-C6
  2. middle: C7
  3. inferior: C8-T1
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15
Q

what are the nerves of the superior trunk and what do they innervate?

A
  1. suprascalpular nerve: innervates supraspinatus + infraspinatus muscles
  2. subclavius nerve: innervates subclavius
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16
Q

what are the nerves of the middle and inferior trunks?

A

no nerves

17
Q

how are the divisions formed?

A

from the bifurcation of the 3 trunks

18
Q

how does the axillary artery run in relation to the cords?

A

the cords travel adjacent to axillary artery
• Behind it is the posterior cord
• Name reflects its position to axillary artery

19
Q

What are the cords?

A
  1. lateral
  2. medial
  3. posterior
20
Q

what are the nerves of the lateral cord?

A
  1. lateral pec nerve
  2. musculotaneous nerve
  3. medial nerve
21
Q

what is the innervation of the lateral pec nerve of the lateral cord?

A

clavicular head

22
Q

what is the innervation of the musculotaneous nerve of the lateral cord? what does it supply?

A

• biceps brachii,
• coracobrachialis,
• brachialis
supplies sensory part of anterior forearm (lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve)

23
Q

what is the innervation of the median nerve of the lateral cord?

A

skin on anterior forearm and palm but no muscles

flexors, pronators of the anterior forearm except 1.5 muscles, numerous muscles in the wrist + palmar hand

24
Q

what are the nerves of the medial cord?

A
  1. Medial pectoral nerve
  2. Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
  3. Median nerve
  4. Ulnar nerve
25
Q

what does the medial pec nerve innervate?

A

pec minor, sternal head of pec major

26
Q

what does the medial brachial cutaneous nerve innervate?

A

Skin of middle arm

27
Q

what does the median nerve innervate?

A

flexors, pronators of the anterior forearm except 1.5 muscles, numerous muscles in the wrist + palmar hand

28
Q

what does the ulnar nerve innervate?

A

1.5 muscles in anterior forearm + numerous wrist muscles

29
Q

what are the nerves of the posterior cord?

A
  1. Axillary nerve
  2. Upper subscapular
  3. Lower subscapular
  4. middle subscapula
  5. radial
30
Q

what does the axillary nerve innervate?

A

teres minor + deltoid muscles

31
Q

what does the upper subscapular nerve innervate?

A

superior portion of subscalpularis (under scalpula)

32
Q

what does the lower subscapular nerve innervate?

A

lower subscalpularis + teres major

33
Q

what does the middle subscapular nerve innervate?

A

latissimus dorsi (wide muscle on back)

34
Q

what does the radial nerve innervate?

A

all muscles of posterior arm + forearm + wrist

AKA Supplies all Extensors and supinators

OT Anatomy (16 decks)

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