Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Michener > BPRS midT1 Def > Flashcards

BPRS midT1 Def Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of parasitic relationship

A
  • only the infecting organism benefits from the relationship
  • host either gains nothing OR sustains injury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Definition of Mutualism

A

-microorganism and host both benefit from the interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Definition of commensalism

A
  • Colonizing bacteria gets nutritional support from host

- host isn’t affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Definition of microflora

A
  • Harmless bacteria on the internal and external surfaces of the human
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Definition of colonization

A
  • act of establishing a presence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Definition of Saprophytes

A
  • harmless free living micro getting growth , from dead/decaying organic material
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Components of chain of transmission

A

1) Infectious agent
2) Reservoir
3) Portal of exit
4) Means of transmission
5) portal of entry
6) susceptible host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 4 types of infectious agent

A

1) bacteria
2) viruses
3) parasites
4) Fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 types of bacteria

A

1) cocci round (chain)
2) bacillus (rod)
3) spirochetes (spiral)
4) vibrio (curved rods)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 3 examples of cocci round

A

1) streptococcus
2) staphylococcus
3) diplicoccus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Function of gram stain

A
  • shows the shape & arrangement of bacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does gram stain determine the type of bacteria?

A

Cell wall structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 2 stains

A

gram +ve

gram -ve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Characteristics of gram +ve

A

1) blue purple
2) thicker peptidoglycan layer
3) exotoxins
4) teichoic acid in cell wall –> inflammatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

characteristics of gram - ve

A

1) pink
2) thinner peptido-glycan layer
3) endotoxin released
4) outer cell membrane with Beta lactamases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the sites for culture ?

A

1) blood
2) catheter tips
3) respiratory tract
4) urine
5) wounds
6) tissues
7) biopsies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which bacteria does acid-fast stain determine?

A

mycobateria tuberculosis (TB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why acid-fast stain is used for TB?

A

Tb contains lipid and wax content in cell wall ( mycolin acid) —> dont stain well with gram stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

metabolic characteristic of bacteria

A

1) aerobes : o2 lover
2) anaerobes: o2 hater
3) facultative aerobes: can growth with or without

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Morphology of viruses

A
  • 20 nm - 200nm
  • nonliving organism
  • contains DNA or RNA
  • smallest, simplest class of pathogen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How is viruses differentiated?

A

Depends on host the invade

1) Animal
2) Plant
3) Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are some characteristics of viruses?

A
  • metabolically inactive until inside host

- RNA, DNA covered with protein coat (caspid) OR lipoprotein membrane (envelope)

23
Q

Some examples of viruses ?

A

1) Hep B

2) Varicella Zoster

24
Q

Def of bacterocidal

A

kills bacteria

25
Q

def of bacteriostatic

A

stops bacteria from growth / reproduction

26
Q

Def of nocritical

A
  • either dont touch patient
  • touch only intact skin
  • not muscos membrane
27
Q

def of semicritical

A
  • contact non-intact skin, mucos membrane

- DOESN”T penetrate them

28
Q

critical

A
  • sterile tissue including blood vessel
29
Q

What does LLD kill?

A

KILLS

  • vegetative bacteria
  • fungi & envelope (lipid) virus

DOENS”T kill

  • mycobacteria
  • spores (layer that cover bacteria to ensure their survive)
30
Q

What does HLL infection kill?

A

kill

  • vegetative bacteria
  • lipid and protein coated viruses
  • mycobacteria
  • fungi

DOESN”T KILL
- spores

31
Q

What does sterilization kill?

A

destruction of ALL forms of microbial life

32
Q

What are the factors affecting microbes growth?

A

1) nutrient availability
2) moisture
3) temperature
4) ph

5) osmotic pressure
6) barometric pressure
7) gaseous atmosphere

33
Q

What is involved in cleaning?

A

1st step in equipment processing –> decontamination

  • remove dirt,debris by washing with H2o and soap
  • equipment placed in basin with hot H2o + soap
  • may use quaternary ammonium / enzymatic cleaners

***devices that cannot be immerse in H2o–> 70% ethanol

34
Q

What are used in the process of sterilization?

A
  • dry heat
  • 100 % ehtylene oxide
  • 2.5-3.5 % glutaraldyhyde
35
Q

What is the spaulding classification?

A
  • a system that classifies the infection level of medical equipment and devices
36
Q

What are the 3 levels in spaulding?

A

1) non-critical
2) semi-critical
3) critical

37
Q

What is the definition of non-critical?

A

item only

  • contact intact skin
  • doesn’t contact mucous membrane or penetrate sterile tissue
38
Q

What is the definition of semi-critical?

A
  • contact non-intact skin and mucous membrane

- doesn’t penetrate sterile tissue

39
Q

What is the definition of critical?

A
  • item that penetrates sterile tissue , including the vascular system
40
Q

What is the level of infection processing associated with each level of spaulding?

A

non-critical –> low level disinfection
semi-critical –> high level disinfection/sterilization
critical—> sterilization

41
Q

What are the 4 level of processing?

A

Cleaning
LLD
HLD
Sterilization

42
Q

What devices are CLEANED ?

A

RT reusable devices

  • cylinder regulators
  • ventilator
  • oximeter
  • resuscitation bags, exhalation valves
  • bronchoscope
  • laryngoscope blade and handle
43
Q

What devices are disinfect by LLD

A 
stethoscopes
bp cuffs
oximeter
ECG machines
Spriometers
44
Q

What machine is used for HLD?

A

pasteurizer (applies heat to destroy microbes)

45
Q

Who used ultrasonic waves machine?

A

dentist

  • water and short sound waves
  • mechanical dislodging of particles
46
Q

What are some examples of gram stain +ve agent?

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae
Staphylococcas aureas (MRSA)
Entercoccus (VRE)

47
Q

What are some examples of gram stain -ve agent?

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pseudomonas pneumoniae

Escherichia Coli
Haemophilus Influenzae
Enterobacter species

48
Q

What are the sites for bacteria culture

A
  • blood
  • cathater tip (central line, art line)
  • urine
  • wound
  • tissues
  • respiratory tract
49
Q

Hep B characteristic?

A
  • Round infectious - dane particles with tube
  • causes inflammation of the liver
  • transmitted by sexual intercourse, IV use, needle stick exposure
50
Q

Varicelle (chicken pox ) charateristic

A
  • spherical

- infect children at the age of 10

51
Q

What are some examples of unicellular parsite?

A
  • amebae, protozoa
  • ->malaria, amebiasis
  • identified MICROSCOPICALLY
52
Q

What are some examples of multi cellular parsite?

A
  • tapeworm, flukes roundworms

- identified macroscopically

53
Q

What does PCP stand for?

A

pneumocystis Jiroveci pneumonia

54
Q

What are some charateristics of PCP

A
  • a fungus, though to be parasite
  • asymptomatic
  • if symptomatic: dyspnea, dry cough, fever
  • opportunities infection AIDS patient

Michener (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions