body mechanic Flashcards
What is a proper alignment of a body
- wide stable base while standing/lifing
- feet below shoulders , shoulders over hips
- move feet when turning, dont twist back
- work at waist level
What is the centre of gravity?
- Point at which the body is balanced
Men: locate in the center of pelvis
Women : locate in the center of abdomen
most stable when centre of gravity is aligned with its base of support
What are the 5 types of injuries?
1) tension
2) compression
3) shear
4) torsional
5) bending
Def of tension?
equal and opposite force/load applied away from surface of structure –> lengthening, narrowing
def of compression?
equal + opposite load applied toward surface –> shortening , widening
def of sheering?
load appiled parallel to surface in 2 opposite direction
def of torsion?
twist
def of bending?
combination of compression and tension
What are the rules of good body mechanics?
- broad base of support (10-20 cm), weight equally distributed
- bend at knees, keep back straight, no bending at waist
- keep load close to body
- use arm, leg muscles
What are the factors that need to be considered before helping a patient?
1) mobility
2) strength /endurance
3) balance
4) motivation
5) understanding
6) physiological condition
What questions are included in the mobility assessment?
1) can patient communicate with you>?
2) can patient follow commands?
3) is patient cooperative?
4) is patient behavior non aggressive?
5) is patient free from pain/medical device?
Def of transfer?
**guiding the patient moving from 1 surface to another
*patient is able to bear weight or use assertive device
Def of lift?
**patient’s entire body is bore by someone or machines
What are the rules of transfer?
1) ask if they could assist
2) ensure they are wearing non-slip shoes
3) move them across shortest distance
4) let patient know with instruction , get consent
5) ask for help
6) be careful of IV, tubes, lines
7) help the weaker, have the use the stronger side
8) pull , never push patient
9) lock wheels on bed
10) mindful of pressure ulcer
When to use mechanical lift?
- patient is unable to assist
- patient maybe cognitively impaired or uncooperative
- large or heavy patients
What is the good posture when standing
- avoid slouching
- stay close to patient, dont lean forward
- bend knees and maintain nature 3 curvatures
What are some variation of patient’s position?
1) fowlers: 30 -45 degree
- high-fowler 90 degree
- semi fowler 20 degree
2) trendelenburg
-head of bed down to 30 -45 degree
Reverse trendelenburg
- foot of bed down to 30 - 45 degree
What are the basic rules of body mechanics
- good base of support
- keep load close to the body
- keep back straight, shoulder and hips parallel, pelvic tilt
- keep knees bent
- keep arms locked
Why is it necessary to move patient?
- prevent decubitus ulcer
- patient with acute condition –> move every 30 mins
- patient without acute condition –> move every 2hrs - for patient comfort , improve blood circulation
- necessary for patient transfer or other activity
What are the precaution for during and after patient transfer?
- ensure integrity of attached equipment (catheter, IV)- make sure they aren’t pinched or disconnected
- make sure patient is safe before leaving them
- stretcher rails are up and locked, wheelchairs brakes are engaged
- use additional care and caution when positioning or moving patient who is mentally incompetent
