Ana midterm 1 Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
-ve feedback system that promotes internal equilibrium
How does homeostasis work?
the system uses negative feedback as cue to initial a series of action that returns system to normal parameters
What are examples of homeostasis
endocrine system
respiratory system
What is positive feedback?
it accelerates the system and promotes instability
The presence or production of a substrate/enzyme further increases the release or production of itself
What is an example of +ve feedback
Blood clotting: the presence of thrombin furthur increases the production of thrombin itself
stretching of the uterus is a +feedback to produce oxytocin, which causes uterine contract
What is the function of a cell? (factory analogy)
- Walls for protection
- channels or door for material to enter and leave
- instruction to make product
- internal transportation system
- packaging of the product
- energy to run the equipment
- garbage disposal
- head office to control production
Characteristics of ECF
Interstitial fluid + plasma
- Supplies cell with nutrients
- many NA, Cl, little K
Characteristics of Intracellular fluid
- little Na, CI
- lots of K, -ve charged protein
- semi-permeable membrane (large molecule no access)
What are transported from fluid to cell?
H20, ions, nutrients
How is water transported?
Osmosis through integral protein on cell membrane
Movements depends on the concentration of solute on each side
How does other substance other than H20 get across the membrane ?
- diffusion
- facilitated diffusion
- active transport
- endocytosis
- exocytosis
What are the organic molecules human body use for fuel?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
What is the chemical formula for carbohydrate?
1 carbon, 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen
- soluble in H2o
What are the forms of carbohydrates?
Mono-saccarides
Di-saccarides (2 mono)
poly-saccarides (many mono)
What are example of mono..?
glucose, fructose, galactose
