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Therapeutics Test 2 > BPH1 > Flashcards

BPH1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the top 5 conditions too embarrassing to talk about with PCP (in order)?

A
  1. impotence
  2. STDs
  3. Physical and sexual abuse
  4. prostate problems
  5. incontinence
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2
Q

what is the age relation to BPH

A
  1. uncommon under 50 (50% of men over 50)
  2. peaks at 63-65
  3. guaranteed if lig long enough
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3
Q

what is hyperplasia?

A

increased number of cells

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4
Q

what is hypertrophy?

A

increased size of cells

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5
Q

is BPH an example of hyperplasia, hypertrophy or both?

is it malignant?

A

hyperplasia, not hypertrophy
increase in cells, not size of cells
not malignant

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6
Q

define BPH

A

nonmalignant enlargement of prostate gland

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7
Q

BPH sometimes leads to what anatomical problem?

A

compression of the urethra and urine flow obstruction

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8
Q

what are the 3 normal prostate tissues

A
  1. epithelial - grandular tissue
  2. stromal - smooth muscle tissue
  3. capsule
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9
Q

what are the two types of pathophysiology involved with BPH? briefly describe each

A
  1. static - androgens cause hyperplasia

2. dynamic - andrenergic tone causes transient effect

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10
Q

what type of pathophysiology is involved in blocking bladdr neck and urinary flow?

A

static symptoms

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11
Q

what type of pathophysiology includes constriction of urethra and narrowing of lumen

A

dynamic symptoms

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12
Q

what sympathetic transmitters lead to dynamic symptoms of BPH?

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

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13
Q

5-alpha reductase inhibitors deals with what pathophysiology of BPH?

A

androgens leading to static symptoms

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14
Q

adrenergic receptor blockers deal with what pathophysiology of BPH?

A

adrenergic tone leading to dynamic symptoms

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15
Q

cholenergics have what effect on bladder

A

contract bladder muscles

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16
Q

LUTS refers to what?
what are two causes of this?
how does it correlate to age?

A 
lower urinary tract symptoms
Causes:
-bladder outlet obstruction
-overactive bladder
rates of these symptoms progress with age
17
Q

hesitancy, intermittency, and terminal dribbling are what type of symptoms

A

static LUTS symptoms

18
Q

frequency, urgency, dysuria and incontinence are symbpoms of what

A

dynamic LUTS symptoms

19
Q

what is most common reason people don’t report BPH to doctor

A

compensation

20
Q

what are the most common complications of untreated BPH?

A 
Gross hematuria
Overflow urinary incontinence/ unstable bladder
Bladder diverticula
Bladder stones
Acute or chronic renal failure
Recurrent UTI
21
Q

what are the clinical signs of BPH?

A
  1. digital rectal exam (DRE) reveals enlarged prostate

2. greater than 20 gram prostate that is smooth, soft, symmetrical and mobile

22
Q

what lab values indicate BPH?

A
  1. BUN
  2. SCr
  3. elevate prostate specific antigen
  4. urinalysis
  5. peak urinary flow rate
    6 post void residual urine volume
23
Q

what peak urinary flow rate indicates BPH

A

less than 10 ml per second

24
Q

what post-void residual volume (PVR) level indicates bph

A

more than 25-50 ml

25
Q

describe the American urological association symptom index?

A

a self administered, quantitative measure of extent of symptoms.
not a diagnostic tool
7 questions, then add up score

26
Q

what are the 3 stages and ranges of AUASI?

A
  1. mild = 0-7
  2. moderate = 8-19
  3. severe = 20-35
27
Q

what is considered clinically significant change in AUASI?

A

a change in score of 3 or more

28
Q

what are 5 alpha blockers used for BPH?

A
  1. doxazosin
  2. Terazosin
  3. Tamsulosin
  4. Alfuzosin
  5. Silodosin
29
Q

True/False

  1. Size of prostate is directly correlated with symptoms
  2. PSA is directly correlated with symptoms
A
  1. false

2. false

30
Q

what are 4 goals of treatment of BPH

A
  1. improvement of voiding symptoms
  2. improve quality of life
  3. prevent disease infection
  4. prevent complication and treatment related effects
31
Q

what does PSA stand for?

A

prostate specific antigen

Therapeutics Test 2 (31 decks)

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