acute kidney injury 1 Flashcards
what is the def of AKI
abrupt decline in renal function
what are the 3 specific criteria of AKI
- increase in SCR of .3 mg/dL
- increase of 50% of SCr (1.5 x increase from baseline)
- decrease in urine output (.5ml/kg/hour for more than 6 hours)
up to how many cases of AKI are drug induced?
60%
what is anuria
urine output of less than 50 ml per day
what is oliguria
urine output of 50-450 ml per day
what is nonoliguria
urine output of more than 450 ml per day
what is the term for making the lowest amount of urine per day
anuria
of the 3 types of urine output, which two have the highest morbitidy rates in AKI
anuric and oliguric AKI pt’s
what ar3 the serum creainine criteria for stage 1 AKI
increase in SCr greater than or equal to 0.3 mg/dl
OR
increase of 1.5 to 1.9x’s baseline
what is the serum creainine criteria for stage 2 AKI
increase2 to 2.9 times baseline
what are the serum creainine criteria for stage 3 AKI
increase 3 times baeline OR increase by 4mg/dl or more OR replacement therapy OR (dialysis)
what is staging for AKI based on?
- serum creatinine criteria
2. urine output criteria
what patients have the highest incidence of AKI
intensive care patients
what is azotemia
increase in nitrogen waste products
what is the clinical syndrome resulting from azotemia
uremia
what lab levels indicate azotemia
increased BUN and increased SrCr
what is the most common symptom of uremia
altered mental status
are uremia and azotemia involved with AKI or CKD
AKI
what are 3 signs of AKI?
edema
urine discolored or foamy
orthostatic hypotension
what is a common test for testing urine for protein
dipstick test
what is sediment analysis
analyzing urine for blood cells and casts
what is the formula for fractional excretion of sodium
FE = (Una x P x 100)/(Ucr x Pna)
what is the FEna level for patients with prerenal disease
less than one
what is the Fena for patients with acute tubular necrosis
greater than one
what are 4 tests for diagnosing AKI
- dipstick test
- urine osmality
- Sediment analysis
4, fractuibak exretion of Na (FENa)
eosinophils in sediment analysis often indicates what condition?
acute interstitial nephritis
