Bovine Viral Diseases Part 2 Flashcards
Paramyxoviridae is the viral agent of ____________
Rinderpest
Genus: morbillivirus
Rinderpest
Breathing issue and cessation of eating
Congestion in the mm of conjunctiva, oral and nasal cavity → oculonasal discharge
Severe cases of rinderpest
Erosion and ulceration of oral epithelium
Plaques of caseous necrotic debris
Severe blood diarrhea
↓ temp → death from dehydration and shock
Who is affected by rinderpest
Young animals
less severe in sheep and goats
Rinderpest transmission
Spread in all secretions and excretion
Direct contact between infected or fomites
Aerosol
Pathology of rinderpest
Nasal entry → affects lymphos (viremia) of tonsils and pharyngeal LNs
GI and resp → viremia of endo and epithelium
Lesions of Rinderpest
Diffuse hemorrhage
Zebra strips in the LI (segmental vasc. congestion)
Sec. bacteria pneumonia
Look-alike diseases of rinderpest
BVD, MCF
Early stages FMD and BRT
Dx of rinderpest
Multiplex PCR
Cell cultures (kidney)
ELISA (for screening)
Cattle that survive a rinderpest infection have ____________
Lifelong immunity
Abs with Rinderpest
Neutralizing Abs appear 6-7 dys after infection
Vx affective (no vx because world is free)
DD of rinderpest
Bluetongue (sheep disease)
Pseudorabies (pig)
Vesicular stomatitis
Retroviridae is the viral agent of ________
Bovine leukosis/ Bovine leukemia virus / Enzootic bovine leukosis
Genus: deltaretrovirus
Bovine leukosis
Dairy cattle (4-8 y), buffalo
Sporadic, lethal, persistent lymphocytosis of B cells (macros and monos)
Life-long (lymphos divide and maintain)
Bovine leukosis transmission
Transfer of infected cells: direct contact, milk, contaminated blood and insect bites
Majority of cattle infected with bovine leukosis are ________ but 1.5% develop _____________
- asymptomatic
- multicentric lymphosarcoma
CS of bovine leukosis
Multicentric lymphoid tumors in LNs, abomasum, heart, spleen, intestine, spinal meninges, etc.
→ para and tetroparesis
Dx tests for bovine leukosis
ELISA (Abs or Ags)
AGID
PCR
Papillomavirus
Papillomas/ warts in cattle
All affected but highest in calves and yearlings
What are the 2 forms of bovine papillomavirus?
True form (infects epith. cells)
Fibropapilloma form (infects fibroblasts)
True papilloma
Induce epithelial, cutaneous lesions without proliferation of fibroblasts
Lesions: flat with broad base
Fibropapillomas
Lesions: small nodules or cauliflower- like growths
Greyish to black, rough and spiny
Large masses → abrasions and bleeding
Where are Fibropapillomas found
Udder, teats, neck,shoulders, omasum, vagina,penis and anus
Transmission of bovine papillomavirus
Fomites
Sexual (venereal warts)
Milking
Latent and becomes reactivated
Papillomavirus exposure of horses may lead to _____
sarcoids
Pathogenesis of papillomavirus
Epithelial hyperplasia with degeneration and hyper keratinization 4-6 weeks after exposure
For 1-6 moths before spontaneous immune-mediated regression
Healing papillomavirus
Bovine interferon-alpha, photodynamic drugs (activation of light sensitive)
Vx of papillomavirus
Vx with viral capsid proteins (limited due to many virus types