Book18 Flashcards

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1
Q

poignancy

A

quality of being deeply moving; keenness of emotion; ADJ. poignant: touching; deeply moving; (of sorrow, grief, etc.) painful; keenly distressing to the mind; Ex. poignant memory/anxiety; CF. prick

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2
Q

polarize

A

split into opposite extremes or camps

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3
Q

polarity

A

state of having two opposite qualities

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4
Q

polar

A

of a pole; characterized by opposite extremes; Ex. polar opposites

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5
Q

camp

A

group sharing a common cause or opinion

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6
Q

polemic

A

attack or defense of an opinion; controversy or refutation; argument in support of point of view; N. polemics: art of debate or controversy

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7
Q

polemical(polemic)

A

aggressive in verbal attack; disputatious (rather than simply expressing opinions)

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8
Q

politic

A

prudent; judicious; well judged; expedient; well devised

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9
Q

polity

A

(particular form of) political organization; form of government of nation or state; Ex. student polity

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10
Q

polygamist

A

one who has more than one spouse at a time; CF. bigamy; CF. polyandry

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11
Q

polyglot

A

speaking several languages; multilingual; Ex. polyglot person/society; N.

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12
Q

pomposity

A

self-important behavior; acting like a stuffed shirt(pompous person); ADJ. pompous: self-important

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13
Q

ponderous

A

having great weight; weighty; unwieldy; lacking lightness; dull; Ex. ponderous body/style of writing

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14
Q

pontifical

A

pertaining to a bishop or pope; pompous or pretentious; CF. pontiff: pope; bishop

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15
Q

pore

A

study industriously; ponder; scrutinize; Ex. pore over the book; N.

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16
Q

porous

A

full of pores; like a sieve

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17
Q

interstice

A

narrow space between things

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18
Q

portend

A

foretell; presage; be a sign or warning of; N. portent: sign; omen; forewarning

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19
Q

soothsayer

A

one who foretells the future

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20
Q

portly

A

stout; corpulent

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21
Q

stout

A

rather fat; strong in body; sturdy; resolute; determined; strong in determination; Ex. stout stick/supporter

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22
Q

poseur

A

person who pretends to be sophisticated, elegant, etc., to impress others; person who poses; CF. pose

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23
Q

pose

A

assume a particular posture; put forward; present; affect a particular attitude (to impress others); Ex. pose a threat; N.

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24
Q

posterity

A

descendants; future generations; Ex. go down to posterity; CF. posterior, anterior

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25
Q

posthumous

A

after death (as of child born after father’s death or book published after author’s death); coming or occurring after one’s death; Ex. posthumous fame/novel

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26
Q

postmortem

A

autopsy; ADJ: occurring after death; of a postmortem

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27
Q

postulate

A

self-evident truth; something assumed without proof; V: assume the truth of (as a basis of an argument)

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28
Q

posture

A

assume an affected pose; act artificially; N: pose; attitude

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29
Q

potable

A

suitable for drinking; drinkable

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30
Q

potent

A

powerful; convincing; persuasive; greatly influential

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31
Q

potentate

A

monarch; sovereign

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32
Q

potential

A

expressing possibility; latent; N: capacity for growth

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33
Q

potion

A

dose (of liquids); liquid dose

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34
Q

potpourri

A

heterogeneous mixture; medley; mixture of dried flower petals a pot (to give a pleasant smell to a room)

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35
Q

poultice

A

soothing application applied to sore and inflamed portions of the body

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36
Q

practicable

A

feasible

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37
Q

practical

A

based on experience; of or acquired through practice (rather than theory); useful; Ex. practical man

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38
Q

pragmatic

A

practical (as opposed to idealistic); concerned with practical worth or impact of something; Ex. pragmatic test of the skill

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39
Q

pragmatist

A

practical person; N. pragmatism: pragmatic way of dealing with things

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40
Q

prance

A

move about in a spirited manner (proudly and confidently)

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41
Q

prate

A

talk idly; speak foolishly; boast idly

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42
Q

prattle

A

talk idly; babble; N. CF. prate

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43
Q

idle

A

not working; not employed or busy; lazy; without purpose; useless; lacking substance; baseless; not based on truth; Ex. idle worker; Ex. talk idly; V.

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44
Q

preamble

A

introductory statement

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45
Q

precarious

A

unsafe; lacking in stability; uncertain; risky; Ex. precarious living

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46
Q

precedent

A

something preceding in time which may be used as an authority or guide for future action; V. precede; CF. unprecedented

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47
Q

precedent

A

preceding (in time, rank, etc.)

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48
Q

precept

A

practical rule guiding conduct; Ex. mother’s precept

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49
Q

precipice

A

cliff; dangerous position; Ex. on the edge of the precipice

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50
Q

brink

A

edge (at the top of a cliff); Ex. on the brink of the Grand Canyon

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51
Q

precipitant

A

something that causes a substance in a chemical solution to separate out in solid form; OP. solvent

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52
Q

precipitate

A

hurl downward; throw headlong; hasten; cause to happen sooner; condense and fall as rain or snow; cause (a solid substance) to be separated from a solution; ADJ. hasty; rash; premature; sudden

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53
Q

precipitous

A

steep; overhasty; precipitate

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54
Q

pr'ecis

A

abstract; concise summing up of main points; concise summary of a text

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55
Q

precise

A

exact

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56
Q

preclude

A

make impossible; prevent; exclude; eliminate

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57
Q

precocious

A

advanced in development; N. precocity

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58
Q

precursor

A

forerunner; predecessor

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59
Q

predator

A

predatory animal or bird; predatory person; creature that seizes and devours another animal; person who robs or exploits others; ADJ. predatory: living by preying on other organisms; plundering; N. predation

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60
Q

predecessor

A

former occupant of a post

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61
Q

predetermine

A

determine in advance; predestine; settle or decide beforehand; influence markedly

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62
Q

predicament

A

difficult situation; tricky or dangerous situation; dilemma

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63
Q

predilection

A

preference; partiality

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64
Q

predispose

A

give an inclination toward (in advance); make susceptible to; Ex. predispose people to certain cancer; N. predisposition

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65
Q

preeminent

A

outstanding; superior

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66
Q

preempt

A

prevent in advance; head off(forestall); forestall by acting first; appropriate for oneself before others; supplant; take the place of; displace; Ex. preempt any attempts; ADJ. preemptive

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67
Q

preen

A

make oneself tidy in appearance; feel self-satisfaction or pride; (of a bird) smooth or clean (feathers) with the beak; Ex. preen oneself on; CF. prune

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68
Q

prefatory

A

introductory; of a preface

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69
Q

prehensile

A

capable of grasping or holding (esp. by wrapping around); Ex. prehensile tails

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70
Q

prelate

A

church dignitary; priest of high position in the church (esp. bishop)

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71
Q

prelude

A

introduction; introductory performance or event; forerunner

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72
Q

premeditate

A

plan in advance; Ex. premeditated murder

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73
Q

premise

A

assumption; postulate; proposition upon which an argument is based

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74
Q

premonition

A

forewarning; presentiment; foreboding

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75
Q

premonitory

A

serving to warn

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76
Q

preponderance

A

superiority of power, quantity, etc.; V. preponderate: be greater in power, weight, or importance; ADJ. preponderant

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77
Q

preposterous

A

absurd; completely unreasonable; ridiculous

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78
Q

prerogative

A

privilege; unquestionable right; CF. ask before

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79
Q

presage

A

foretell; be a warning or sign of; N: presentiment; foreboding; omen

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80
Q

prescience

A

ability to foretell the future; knowledge of actions before they occur; ADJ. prescient

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81
Q

presentiment

A

premonition; foreboding; feeling something will happen; anticipatory fear

82
Q

prestige

A

respect or admiration; impression produced by achievements or reputation; ADJ: causing admiration; ADJ. prestigious: having prestige

83
Q

presumptuous

A

going beyond what is right; excessively forward; arrogant; taking liberties

84
Q

presume

A

take for granted; assume; act overconfidently; take liberties; presume on/upon: take unfair advantage of (someone’s kindness or connection); N. presumption

85
Q

pretentious

A

ostentatious; showy; pompous; making unjustified claims; overambitious; Ex. pretentious films that claim to be art

86
Q

pretend

A

feign; pretend to: claim to possess; make pretensions to; Ex. I don’t pretend to much expertise; N. pretense

87
Q

pretension

A

pretentiousness; claim (without foundation); Ex. I make no pretensions to skill as an artist.

88
Q

preternatural

A

beyond what is normal in nature; supernatural; Ex. preternatural strength/forces

89
Q

pretext

A

excuse

90
Q

prevail

A

be widespread; triumph over; gain victory; prevail on: persuade; induce; Ex. Justice has prevailed; Ex. prevail on someone to do something

91
Q

prevalent

A

widespread; generally accepted

92
Q

prevaricate

A

lie; hide the truth (by equivocating)

93
Q

prey

A

target of a hunt; victim; V: hunt and eat as prey; victimize; Ex. Cats prey on mice.

94
Q

prim

A

proper to the point of affectation; very precise and formal; exceedingly proper

95
Q

primogeniture

A

seniority by birth; state of being the first-born child; right of the eldest child (to inherit the entire property of one or both parents)

96
Q

primordial

A

existing at the beginning (of time); rudimentary

97
Q

primp

A

groom oneself with care; adorn oneself

98
Q

pristine

A

unspoiled; remaining in a pure state; characteristic of earlier times; primitive; Ex. an old book in pristine condition

99
Q

privation

A

lack of the basic necessities or comforts of life; hardship; want; CF. deprive

100
Q

privy

A

secret; hidden; not public; made a participant in something secret; Ex. privy chamber government; Ex. be privy to a discussion; CF. private

101
Q

probe

A

explore with a probe or tools; investigate; N: slender instrument used to explore a wound or body cavity; device designed to investigate an unknown region; thorough investigation; Ex. space probe

102
Q

probity

A

uprightness; honesty; incorruptibility

103
Q

defalcate

A

embezzle

104
Q

problematic

A

causing a problem; open to doubt; doubtful; unsettled; questionable; Ex. Whether the arena will ever be completed is problematic.

105
Q

proclivity

A

inclination; natural tendency (esp. towards something bad)

106
Q

procrastinate

A

postpone; delay or put off

107
Q

procurement

A

obtaining; V. procure: obtain by effort; obtain (a prostitute) for another

108
Q

prod

A

poke (with a pointed object); stir up; urge; goad to action; N: pointed object used to prod; prodding

109
Q

prodigal

A

wasteful; reckless with money; profuse; Ex. a mind prodigal of ideas; N. prodigality

110
Q

prodigious

A

enormous; marvelous; extraordinary; Ex. prodigious amount/memory

111
Q

prodigy

A

highly gifted child; person with exceptional talents; marvel; wonder

112
Q

profane

A

violate; desecrate (something holy); treat unworthily; be profane for; ADJ: secular; nonreligious; irreverent for holy things

113
Q

profligate

A

wasteful (of money); dissipated; wildly immoral; dissolute; N: profligate person; N. profligacy

114
Q

profound

A

deep; not superficial; complete; Ex. profound thinker/remark/silence/deafness; N. profundity

115
Q

profusion

A

great amount; plenty; overabundance; excess; lavish expenditure; Ex. profusion of choices; ADJ. profuse: plentiful; copious; giving or given abundantly; extravagant

116
Q

progenitor

A

ancestor

117
Q

progeny

A

children; offspring; descendants

118
Q

prognosis

A

forecasted course of a disease; prediction; CF. prognostic

119
Q

prognosticate

A

predict (according to present indications)

120
Q

prohibitive

A

so high as to prohibit purchase or use; tending to prevent the purchase or use of something; prohibiting; inclined to prevent or forbid; Ex. prohibitive tax

121
Q

projectile

A

missile; fired or thrown object (such as stone or bullet)

122
Q

proletarian

A

member of the working class; blue collar guy; N. proletariat: working class (who have to work for wages)

123
Q

proliferate

A

grow rapidly (in numbers); spread; multiply; N. proliferation

124
Q

prolific

A

producing offspring or fruit in abundance; fertile; fecund; abundantly fruitful; producing abundant works; Ex. prolific writer

125
Q

prolixity

A

tedious wordiness; verbosity; ADJ. prolix: wordy; verbose; diffuse

126
Q

prologue

A

introduction (to a poem or play)

127
Q

feud

A

bitter prolonged quarrel (usually between two peoples or families); V. CF. Romeo and Juliet; CF. feudal, feudalism

128
Q

prolong

A

lengthen; extend; draw out

129
Q

prominent

A

protruding(sticking out); conspicuous; notable; eminent

130
Q

promiscuous

A

mixed indiscriminately; indiscriminate; not choosing carefully; indiscriminate in the choice of sexual partners; irregular, particularly sexually; Ex. promiscuous life/girl; N. promiscuity

131
Q

promontory

A

headland

132
Q

promote

A

advance in rank; advance; help to flourish; advocate; help actively in forming; publicize or popularize; Ex. Milk promotes health; Ex. promote a match/bill; Ex. promote a new product

133
Q

prompt

A

cause; urge; provoke; provide a cue (for an actor); ADJ: done without delay; done at the right time; punctual; on time; N: reminder or cue

134
Q

cue

A

word or signal (as in a play to prompt another actor’s speech or entrance); reminder or hint; V: give a cue to

135
Q

promulgate

A

announce; proclaim a doctrine or law; make known by official publication

136
Q

prone

A

inclined to; likely to (suffer); prostrate; lying with the front downward; Ex. prone to disease/make mistakes; Ex. accident-prone

137
Q

propagate

A

increase in number by producing young; multiply; spread; Ex. Most plants propagate by seed; Ex. newspaper propagating their ideas

138
Q

propellant(propellent)

A

substance which propels or drives forward (such as an explosive charge or a rocket fuel)

139
Q

propensity

A

natural inclination

140
Q

prophetic

A

of a prophet or prophecy; having to do with predicting the future; N. prophecy; V. prophesy; N. prophet

141
Q

prophylactic

A

used to prevent disease; N: something prophylactic; condom; N. prophylaxis: prevention of disease

142
Q

propinquity

A

nearness (in space or relationship); proximity; kinship

143
Q

propitiate

A

appease; conciliate; make peaceful; ADJ. propitiatory

144
Q

propitious

A

favorable; auspicious; advantageous; fortunate; Ex. propitious day/sign

145
Q

horoscope

A

diagram of the positions of stars at a given moment (eg. of a person’s birth) used by astrologers

146
Q

proponent

A

supporter; backer; opposite of opponent

147
Q

propound

A

put forth for consideration or analysis; set forth; Ex. propound a problem/theory

148
Q

propriety

A

fitness; quality of being proper; correct conduct; conformity to prevailing customs and usages; CF. proprietor, proprietary

149
Q

usage

A

act or manner of using; accepted practice; way in which words are actually used

150
Q

propulsive

A

driving forward; N. propulsion

151
Q

prosaic

A

lacking in imagination; dull and unimaginative; matter-of-fact(concerned with facts, not imagination or feelings); factual; CF. prose

152
Q

proscenium

A

part of stage in front of curtain; front arch of a stage

153
Q

proscribe

A

prohibit; ostracize; banish; outlaw

154
Q

outlaw

A

fugitive from the law (excluded from legal protection); V: declare (someone) to be an outlaw; deprive of the protection of the law; declare illegal; Ex. Drinking has been outlawed.

155
Q

proselytize

A

(induce someone to) convert to a religion or belief; N. proselyte: new convert to a doctrine or religion

156
Q

prosody

A

art of versification; study of the metrical structure of verse

157
Q

metrical

A

metric; written in the form of poetry; Ex. metrical translation of Homer

158
Q

meter

A

arrangement of words in the form of poetry (by accentual rhythm)

159
Q

prosperity

A

good fortune and financial success; physical well-being

160
Q

prosper

A

become successful (esp. financially); thrive; grow well; Ex. children prospering under his care

161
Q

prosperous

A

successful; rich; affluent; well-to-do; well-off

162
Q

prostrate

A

stretch out full on ground; make prostrate; enervate; Ex. prostrating illness; ADJ: lying face down; having lost all strength

163
Q

protean

A

able to take on many forms; versatile; CF. Proteus: sea god to change his shape at will

164
Q

prot'eg'e

A

person receiving protection and support from a patron

165
Q

protocol

A

diplomatic etiquette; ceremony and etiquette observed by diplomats; first copy of a treaty before its ratification; Ex. Protocol demands that the queen meet him at the airport.

166
Q

prototype

A

original work used as a model by others

167
Q

protract

A

prolong; lengthen in time; draw out

168
Q

protrude

A

stick out; jut; project; Ex. protruding teeth

169
Q

protuberance

A

protrusion; swelling; bulge

170
Q

bulge

A

protruding part; swelling of a surface; Ex. The apple made a bulge in his pocket; V: swell outward; protrude

171
Q

provenance

A

place of origin; origin or source of something; Ex. Gunpowder is of Chinese provenance; CF. come

172
Q

provender

A

dry food for livestock; fodder

173
Q

provident

A

providing for future needs; displaying foresight; thrifty; preparing for emergencies; OP. improvident

174
Q

providence

A

quality of being provident; divine care; god’s care; Providence: god; Ex. It seemed like providence that the doctor happened to be there; ADJ. providential: of divine providence; fortunate

175
Q

provincial

A

pertaining to a province; limited in outlook; narrow; unsophisticated

176
Q

provisional

A

tentative; temporary

177
Q

proviso

A

stipulation; condition in an agreement; provision

178
Q

provision

A

act of providing; something provided; preparatory measure; provisions: necessary supplies (esp. food); stipulation; condition in an agreement; Ex. According to the provisions of the agreement

179
Q

provocative

A

arousing anger or sexual interest; annoying; Ex. provocative in tight jeans; V. provoke: incite to anger; cause (an unpleasant action or feeling); N. provocation

180
Q

prowess

A

extraordinary ability; military bravery; Ex. prowess in battle

181
Q

proximity

A

nearness; ADJ. proximate

182
Q

proxy

A

authorized agent; authority to act for another

183
Q

prude

A

excessively modest or proper person (who is easily shocked by improper things, esp. of a sexual nature); N. prudery; ADJ. prudish: excessively concerned with propriety

184
Q

prudent

A

cautious; careful; prudential

185
Q

prune

A

cut away; trim

186
Q

prurient

A

having or causing lustful desires and thoughts; arousing immoderate sexual desire

187
Q

pry

A

inquire impertinently (someone else’s private affairs); use leverage to raise or open something; prize; N. pries: tool for prying

188
Q

prize

A

pry; move with a lever; value highly; esteem; Ex. his most prized possession; N: something captured during war-time (esp. an enemy ship)

189
Q

pseudonym

A

pen name; fictitious name assumed by an author; ADJ. pseudonymous

190
Q

psyche

A

soul; mind

191
Q

psychiatrist

A

doctor who treats mental diseases

192
Q

psychic

A

of psyche; mental; of or possessing extraordinary mental powers

193
Q

psychopathic

A

pertaining to mental dearrangement; N. psychopath: person with an antisocial personality disorder

194
Q

psychosis

A

mental disorder; ADJ. N. psychotic

195
Q

psychosomatic

A

of the influence of the mind on the body (esp. with respect to disease)

196
Q

pterodactyl

A

extinct flying reptile; CF. wing+finger

197
Q

puerile

A

childish; immature; CF. puer: boy

198
Q

pugilist

A

boxer; CF. pugilism: boxing

199
Q

pugnacity

A

combativeness; disposition to fight; ADJ. pugnacious: (of people) belligerent; combative in nature

200
Q

puissant

A

powerful; strong; potent; N. puissance: power