Book10 Flashcards
1
Q
flotsam
A
drifting wreckage
2
Q
jetsam
A
things thrown from a ship (to lighten the ship)
3
Q
flounder
A
struggle and thrash about; proceed clumsily or falter (as in water, mud, snow, etc.); proceed in confusion
4
Q
thrash
A
beat with a whip or flail; defeat utterly; talk about thoroughly in order to find the answer; move wildly or violently; Ex. The fishes thrashed about in the net.
5
Q
flourish
A
grow well; prosper; make sweeping gestures; wave; brandish; Ex. The trees flourished in the sun. N: showy movement or gesture; embellishment or ornamentation (esp. in handwriting)
6
Q
flout
A
reject; mock; show contempt for; scorn; Ex. flout the rules
7
Q
curb
A
chain or strap used with a bit to restrain a horse; something that checks; V: check; restrain
8
Q
fluctuate
A
waver; shift; rise and fall as if in waves; change or vary irregularly
9
Q
fluency
A
smoothness of speech; ADJ. fluent
10
Q
fluke
A
unlikely occurrence; stroke of fortune; accidental stroke of good luck; ADJ. fluky
11
Q
fluster
A
confuse; make nervous and confused; N.
12
Q
fluted
A
having vertical parallel grooves (as in a pillar); V. flute: make long parallel inward curves in; N. flute: long rounded groove incised on the shaft of a column
13
Q
groove
A
long narrow channel made in a surface to guide the movement of something; Ex. groove of the record
14
Q
stammer
A
speak with involuntarily pauses or repetitions
15
Q
flux
A
flowing; series of changes; fluctuation; Ex. in a state of flux
16
Q
fodder
A
coarse food for cattle, horses, etc.; feed for livestock; CF. food
17
Q
foible
A
small weakness of character; slight fault; CF. feeble
18
Q
foil
A
contrast; one that by contrast enhances the distinctive characteristics of another
19
Q
foil
A
defeat; frustrate; prevent from being successful; thwart; CF. fail
20
Q
foist
A
insert improperly; impose upon another by coercion; palm off; pass off as genuine or worthy; CF. fist
21
Q
palm
A
conceal in the palm of the hand; palm off: pass off; Ex. palm off some bad oranges onto the lady/the painting as a real Renoir
22
Q
pass_off
A
present falsely; represent falsely to be
23
Q
foliage
A
masses of leaves; CF. defoliate
24
Q
foment
A
stir up; incite; instigate; promote the growth of (something evil or unpleasant)
25
foolhardy
rash; reckless; foolishly daring
26
foppish
vain about dress and appearance; N. fop: man who takes too much interest in his clothes and appearance
27
foray
raid; sudden raid or military advance; V.
28
forbearance
patience; forgiveness; V. forbear: refrain from (in a generous and forgiving way); be patient; Ex. forbear to send him to prison
29
ford
place where a river can be crossed on foot; V.
30
forebears(forbears)
ancestors
31
foreboding
premonition of evil; feeling of coming evil; V. forebode: be a warning of (something unpleasant)
32
forensic
suitable to debate or courts of law; of or used in legal proceedings and the tracking of criminals; Ex. forensic science/medicine
33
forum
public square of an ancient Roman city; public place for open discussion; court of law
34
foreshadow
give an indication beforehand; be a sign of (what is coming); portend; prefigure
35
prefigure
be a sign of; foreshadow
36
forerunner
predecessor; one that comes before and indicates the approach of another
37
foresight
ability to foresee future happenings; prudence in providing for the future
38
forestall
prevent by taking action in advance
39
nuptial
of marriage or the wedding ceremony; N; nuptials; wedding ceremony
40
forfeit
something surrendered as punishment for a crime or breach of contract; V: lose as a forfeit; N. forfeiture
41
forge
counterfeit; reproduce fraudulently; form by heating in a forge and hammering into shape; move with a sudden increase of speed or power; Ex. forged ahead in the last two years; N: furnace where metals are heated
42
forgo(forego)
give up; do without
43
forlorn
sad and lonely; wretched; desolate
44
formality
ceremonious quality; ceremonious adherence to rules; something done just for form's sake; Ex. mere formality
45
formidable
menacing; arousing fear; threatening; difficult to defeat; Ex. formidable foe/question
46
menace
threat; V: threaten
47
forsake
desert; abandon; renounce
48
forswear
renounce under oath; abandon; make a solemn promise to give up; CF. abjure
49
forte
strong point or special talent in a person's character
50
forthright
straightforward; direct; frank
51
forthcoming
happening in the near future; ready; willing to help; Ex. No answer was forthcoming.
52
fortitude
bravery; courage; strength of mind
53
fortuitous
accidental; by chance; N. fortuity
54
foster
rear; bring up (for a certain period only); encourage; promote the development of (feelings or ideas); Ex. help foster friendly relations; ADJ: giving parental care although not related by blood; Ex. foster parents
55
founder
fail completely; sink; CF. flounder
56
founder
person who establishes (an organization or business)
57
fracas
brawl(noisy quarrel or fight) in which a number of people take part; melee
58
fractious
unruly; peevish; cranky; bad-tempered; Ex. fractious horse
59
frail
weak; N. frailty
60
franchise
right or privilege granted by authority; right to vote; license to sell a product in a particular territory
61
frantic
wild; distraught as from fear or worry; Ex. frantic with fear
62
fraudulent
cheating; deceitful; Ex. fraudulent means; N. fraud: deception; swindle
63
fraught
filled (with something unpleasant); full; Ex. fraught with danger and difficulties; CF. freight
64
fray
brawl; fight; V: wear away or unravel by rubbing; have loose threads developing; cause to become worn out (a person's temper or nerves); CF. rub
65
frenetic(phrenetic)
frenzied; frantic
66
frenzied
madly excited; N. frenzy: violent wild excitement
67
fresco
painting on wet plaster (usually fresh)
68
paste
smooth viscous mixture as of flour(powder made by crushing grain) and water (used as an adhesive); V: cause to adhere by applying paste
69
pastry
paste of flour and water (eaten when baked)
70
plaster
paste that hardens to a smooth solid and is used for coating walls; V.
71
fret
be annoyed or vexed; Ex. fret over your poor grades; N: irritation of mind; ADJ. fretful
72
friction
clash or conflict in opinion; rubbing against
73
frieze
ornamental horizontal band on a wall
74
frigid
intensely cold; cold in manner; Ex. frigid zone
75
fritter
waste (time or money on unimportant things)
76
frivolous
lacking in seriousness; flippant; self-indulgently carefree; unworthy of serious attention; relatively unimportant; trivial
77
self-indulgence
excessive indulgence of one's own desire
78
carefree
free from worries; having no problems
79
frolicsome
prankish; gay; playful; merry; frisky
80
frolic
play and jump about happily; frisk; Ex. frolicking young lambs
81
frond
fern leaf; palm or banana leaf
82
litter
waste material thrown away (as bits of paper scattered untidily); V: cover untidily with scattered litter
83
fructify
bear fruit; produce fruit
84
frugality
thrift; economy; ADJ. frugal: practicing economy; costing little; inexpensive
85
fruition
bearing of fruit; fulfillment; realization; Ex. come to/be brought to fruition
86
frustrate
thwart; defeat; prevent from accomplishing a purpose
87
fugitive
fleeting or transitory; lasting only a short time; roving(wandering); running away or fleeing as from the law; N: one who flees; Ex. fugitives at large
88
fulcrum
support on which a lever rests or pivots
89
fulminate
thunder; explode; issue a severe denunciation
90
fulsome
disgustingly excessive; offensively flattering; Ex. fulsome praise/expressions of admire
91
fumble
move the fingers and hands awkwardly (in search of something); mishandle or drop a ball that is in play; bungle; botch; spoil by mishandling; N.
92
functionary
official (who performs a particular function)
93
functional
made for practical use only (without decoration); functioning; Ex. functional modern furniture; CF. functionalism
94
fundamental
basic; primary; essential
95
funereal
sad; solemn; suitable for a funeral
96
furor
frenzy; great anger and excitement; CF. fury
97
furtive
stealthy; quiet and secret (trying to escape notice); sneaky; Ex. furtive glance
98
sneak
move, give, or take in a quiet, stealthy way; N: one who sneaks; ADJ. sneaky
99
underhand(underhanded)
done slyly and secretly (being dishonest)
100
sly
clever in deceiving; secretive; not telling one's intentions
101
fusillade
simultaneous firing or outburst (of missiles, questions, etc.)
102
fusion
union; coalition; V. fuse
103
futile
useless; hopeless; ineffectual
104
gadfly
animal-biting fly; irritating person
105
gaffe
social blunder
106
gainsay
deny
107
gait
manner of walking or running; speed
108
galaxy
large isolated system of stars, such as the Milky Way; collection of brilliant personalities
109
gale
windstorm; gust of wind; emotional outburst (laughters, tears); Ex. gale of laughter
110
gall
bitterness of feeling; nerve; effrontery; CF. gall bladder
111
gall
annoy; exasperate; chafe; N: skin sore caused by rubbing (as on the skin of a horse); exasperation
112
galleon
large three-masted sailing ship
113
galley
low ship with sails (rowed along by slaves)
114
clipper
sailing vessel built for great speed
115
pinnace
small boat
116
clip
cut off with shears; fasten; N: something clipped off (as a short extract from film); clasp or fastener
117
galvanize
stimulate or shock by an electric current; stimulate by shock; shock into action; stir up; coat with rust-resistant zinc by using electricity
118
galvanic
of the production of electricity by the action of an acid on a metal; having the effect of an electric shock; Ex. galvanic cell; galvanic effect; CF. Luigi Galvani
119
gambit
opening in chess in which a piece is sacrificed; action made to produce a future advantage
120
ploy
strategem to gain an advantage; tactic; Ex. management ploy
121
gambol
romp; skip about; leap about playfully; frolic; N.
122
romp
play or frolic boisterously; gambol; N.
123
zest
outer skin of an orange used for giving a special taste to food; spice; interest; flavor; spirited enjoyment; Ex. add a certain zest to the affair; Ex. zest for life
124
gamely
in a spirited manner; with courage; Ex. fight gamely against a superior boxer; ADJ. game
125
gamut
entire range
126
gape
open widely; open the mouth wide; stare wonderingly with the mouth open; CF. agape
127
garbled
mixed up; jumbled; distorted; V. garble: mix up or distort (a message) to such an extent as to make misleading or unintelligible
128
jumble
mix in a confused way
129
gargantuan
huge; enormous; gigantic; CF. the hero of Gargantua and Pantagruel
130
gargoyle
waterspout carved in grotesque figures on a building
131
garish
overbright in color; unpleasantly bright; gaudy
132
trim
make neat or tidy by clipping; reduce by removing what is unnecessary; ornament; decorate (round the edges); Ex. trim the cost; Ex. jacket trimmed with fur; N. ADJ: tidy; in good order
133
garner
gather; store up; amass
134
garnish
decorate; add a garnish to; decorate (food or drink) with small items such as lemon slices; N.
135
garrulous
loquacious; wordy; talkative; N. garrulity
136
gastronomy
art and science of preparing and serving good food; CF. gastronome
137
gauche
clumsy (in social behavior); coarse and uncouth
138
gaudy
flashy; showy
139
flashy
showy; gaudy; giving a momentary brilliance
140
gild
cover with a thin layer of gold
141
gaunt
lean and angular; thin and bony; emaciated; barren
142
gavel
hammerlike tool; mallet(wooden hammer) used by a presiding officer or an auctioneer; V.
143
bid
command; utter (a greeting); offer as a price; N: offer of a price; amount offered; earnest effort to gain something; Ex. bid for freedom
144
gawk
stare foolishly; look in open-mouthed awe
145
gazette
official periodical publication; newspaper
146
genealogy
record of descent; lineage; ancestry; study of ancestry
147
generality
vague statement; general statement which is not detailed; quality of being general; greater part; most; Ex. generality of people
148
generate
cause; produce; create
149
generic
characteristic of an entire class or species; of a genus
150
genus
division of animals or plants, below a family and above a species
151
genesis
beginning; origin
152
geniality
cheerfulness; kindliness; sympathy; ADJ. genial: cheerful and good-tempered
153
genre
particular variety of art or literature
154
genteel
well-bred; elegant; striving to convey an appearance of refinement; Ex. genteel poverty
155
gentility
those of gentle birth; high social class; refinement; quality of being genteel
156
breed
produce young; rear; bring up; produce (an undesirable condition); N: kind or sort of animal or plant
157
crossbreed
hybridize; N: hybrid; CF. interbreed; CF. inbreed
158
well-bred
of good upbringing; well-mannered and refined
159
gentry
people of standing(rank or position); people of good family or high social position; class of people just below nobility
160
gentle
kindly; soft; mild; of good family
161
genuflect
bend the knee as in worship
162
germane
pertinent; bearing upon(having connection with) the case at hand; appropriate
163
germinal
pertaining to a germ; creative; Ex. germinal idea
164
germ
earliest form of an organism; seed or bud; something that may develop into something larger or more important; microbe
165
germinate
cause to sprout; sprout
166
sprout
begin to grow; give off shoots or buds; N: new growth on a plant; shoot
167
shoot
new growth from a plant
168
gerontocracy
government ruled by old people
169
gerontology
study of the sociological phenomena associated with old age
170
geriatrics
medical treatment and care of old age
171
gerrymander
change voting district lines in order to favor a political party; N. CF. Elbridge Gerry + (sala)mander
172
gestate
evolve as in prenatal growth; N. gestation: period of development from conception until birth
173
natal
connected with birth; CF. prenatal; CF. postnatal
174
gesticulation
motion; gesture; V. gesticulate: make gestures (while speaking)
175
ghastly
horrible; terrifying; resembling ghosts; CF. aghast
176
gibberish
nonsense; nonsensical or unintelligible talk or writing; babbling
177
gibe
mock; make jeering remarks; N: jeering remarks
178
giddy
light-hearted; not serious; frivolous; dizzy; causing dizziness; Ex. giddy youth; Ex. giddy climb/height
179
gingerly
very carefully; ADJ.
180
girth
distance around something; circumference
181
gist
essence; main point; substance
182
glacial
like a glacier; of an ice age; extremely cold; Ex. glacial epoch; CF. iceberg
183
glaring
(of something bad) highly conspicuous; harshly bright; shining intensely and blindingly
184
glare
shine intensely and blindingly; stare fixedly and angrily; N.
185
glaze
cover with a thin and shiny surface; apply a glaze to; N: thin, smooth, shiny coating (as for pottery); Ex. unglazed pottery
186
glean
gather leavings; gather grain left behind by reapers; gather bit by bit (facts or information) often with difficulty
187
glib
fluent (with insincerity or superficiality); facile; slick
188
slick
make smooth or glossy; N: smooth surface; Ex. oil slick; ADJ: smooth; glossy; deftly executed; adroit; glib
189
sleek
smooth and shining (as from good health); V.
190
glimmer
shine erratically; twinkle; N: dim or unsteady light; faint indication; Ex. glimmer of hope
191
glitter
shine brightly with flashing points of light; Ex. glittering diamond ring; N: sparkling light; attractiveness; glamor; Ex. glitter of the sun on the waves
192
glamor
compelling charm; ADJ. glamorous
193
gloat
express evil satisfaction; look at or think about with evil satisfaction; view malevolently; Ex. The thief gloated over the stolen jewels.
194
gloss_over
explain away with the intention of deceiving or hiding faults
195
gloss
brief explanation note or translation of a difficult expression; V.
196
glossary
brief explanation of words used in the text
197
glossy
smooth and shining; N. gloss: shiny brightness on a surface; superficially attractive appearance; Ex. gloss of good manners
198
mat
not shiny; matte; having a dull finish; N: flat piece of material used as a floor covering; V.
199
finish
surface texture; completeness of execution
200
finished
properly made and complete; Ex. finished product/performance
