Book: Synovial Fluid

Question 1

The functions of synovial fluid include all of the following except:

A. Lubrication for the joints
B. Removal of cartilage debris
C. Cushioning joints during jogging
D. Providing nutrients for cartilage

Answer 1

Removal of cartilage debris

Question 2

The primary function of synoviocytes is to:

A. Provide nutrients for the joints
B. Secrete hyaluronic acid
C. Regulate glucose filtration
D. Prevent crystal formation

Answer 2

Provide nutrients for the joints

Question 3

Which of the following is not a frequently performed test
on synovial fluid?

A. Uric acid
B. WBC count
C. Crystal examination
D. Gram stain

Answer 3

Uric acid

Question 4

The procedure for collecting synovial fluid is called:

A. Synovialcentesis
B. Arthrocentesis
C. Joint puncture
D. Arteriocentesis

Answer 4

Arthrocentesis

Question 5

Match the following disorders with their appropriate group:

A. Noninflammatory
B. Inflammatory
C. Septic
D. Hemorrhagic

Gout
Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Osteoarthritis
Hemophilia
Rheumatoid arthritis
Heparin overdose

Answer 5

B
C
B
A
D
B
D

Question 6

Normal synovial fluid resembles:

A. Egg white
B. Normal serum
C. Dilute urine
D. Lipemic serum

Answer 6

Egg white

Question 7

Before testing, very viscous synovial fluid should be
treated with:

A. Normal saline
B. Hyaluronidase
C. Distilled water
D. Hypotonic saline

Answer 7

Hyaluronidase

Question 8

Addition of a cloudy, yellow synovial fluid to acetic acid
produces a/an:
A. Yellow-white precipitate
B. Easily dispersed clot
C. Solid clot
D. Opalescent appearance

Answer 8

Easily dispersed clot

Question 9

Which of the following could be the most significantly
affected if a synovial fluid is refrigerated before testing?

A. Glucose
B. Crystal examination
C. Mucin clot test
D. Differential

Answer 9

Crystal examination

Question 10

The highest WBC count can be expected to be seen with:

A. Noninflammatory arthritis
B. Inflammatory arthritis
C. Septic arthritis
D. Hemorrhagic arthritis

Answer 10

Septic arthritis

Question 11

When diluting a synovial fluid WBC count, all of the
following are acceptable except:

A. Acetic acid
B. Isotonic saline
C. Hypotonic saline
D. Saline with saponin

Answer 11

Acetic acid

Question 12

The lowest percentage of neutrophils would be seen in:

A. Noninflammatory arthritis
B. Inflammatory arthritis
C. Septic arthritis
D. Hemorrhagic arthritis

Answer 12

Noninflammatory arthritis

Question 13

All of the following are abnormal when seen in synovial fluid except:

A. Neutrophages
B. Ragocytes
C. Synovial lining cells
D. Lipid droplets

Answer 13

Synovial lining cells

Question 14

Synovial fluid crystals that occur as a result of purine
metabolism or chemotherapy for leukemia are:

A. Monosodium urate
B. Cholesterol
C. Calcium pyrophosphate
D. Apatite

Answer 14

Monosodium urate

Question 15

Synovial fluid crystals associated with inflammation in dialysis patients are:

A. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate
B. Calcium oxalate
C. Corticosteroid
D. Monosodium urate

Answer 15

Calcium oxalate

Question 16

Crystals associated with pseudogout are:

A. Monosodium urate
B. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate
C. Apatite
D. Corticosteroid

Answer 16

Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate

Question 17

Synovial fluid for crystal examination should be examined as a/an:
A. Wet preparation
B. Wright’s stain
C. Gram stain
D. Acid-fast stain

Answer 17

Wet preparation

Question 18

Crystals that have the ability to polarize light are:

A. Corticosteroid
B. Monosodium urate
C. Calcium oxalate
D. All of the above

Answer 18

All of the above

Question 19

In an examination of synovial fluid under compensated
polarized light, rhomboid-shaped crystals are observed. What color would these crystals be when aligned parallel to the slow vibration?

A. White
B. Yellow
C. Blue
D. Red

Answer 19

Blue

Question 20

If crystals shaped like needles are aligned perpendicular to the slow vibration of compensated polarized light, what color are they?

A. White
B. Yellow
C. Blue
D. Red

Answer 20

Blue

Question 21

Negative birefringence occurs under red-compensated polarized light when:

A. Slow light is impeded more than fast light
B. Slow light is less impeded than fast light
C. Fast light runs against the molecular grain of the
crystal
D. Both B and C

Answer 21

Slow light is less impeded than fast light

Question 22

Synovial fluid cultures are often plated on chocolate agar to detect the presence of:

A. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
B. Staphylococcus agalactiae
C. Streptococcus viridans
D. Enterococcus faecalis

Answer 22

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 23

The most frequently performed chemical test on synovial fluid is:

A. Total protein
B. Uric acid
C. Calcium
D. Glucose

Answer 23

Glucose

Question 24

Which of the following chemistry tests can be performed on synovial fluid to determine the severity of RA?

A. Glucose
B. Protein
C. Lactate
D. Uric acid

Answer 24

Lactate

Question 25

Serologic tests on patients’ serum may be performed to
detect antibodies causing arthritis for all of the following disorders except:

A. Pseudogout
B. Rheumatoid arthritis
C. Systemic lupus erythematosus
D. Lyme arthritis

Answer 25

Pseudogout