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Analysis on Urine and other Bodily Fluids > Book: Fecal Analysis > Flashcards

Book: Fecal Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

In what part of the digestive tract do pancreatic enzymes
and bile salts contribute to digestion?

A. Large intestine
B. Liver
C. Small intestine
D. Stomach

A

Small intestine

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2
Q

Where does the reabsorption of water take place in the primary digestive process?
A. Large intestine
B. Pancreas
C. Small intestine
D. Stomach

A

Large intestine

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3
Q

Which of the following tests is not performed to detect
osmotic diarrhea?

A. Clinitest
B. Fecal fats
C. Fecal neutrophils
D. Muscle fibers

A

Fecal neutrophils

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4
Q

The normal composition of feces includes all of the following except:

A. Bacteria
B. Blood
C. Electrolytes
D. Water

A

Blood

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5
Q

What is the fecal test that requires a 3-day specimen?

A. Fecal occult blood
B. APT test
C. Elastase I
D. Quantitative fecal fat testing

A

Quantitative fecal fat testing

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6
Q

The normal brown color of the feces is produced by:

A. Cellulose
B. Pancreatic enzymes
C. Undigested foodstuffs
D. Urobilin

A

Urobilin

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7
Q

Diarrhea can result from all of the following except:

A. Addition of pathogenic organisms to the normal
intestinal flora
B. Disruption of the normal intestinal bacterial flora
C. Increased concentration of fecal electrolytes
D. Increased reabsorption of intestinal water and
electrolytes

A

Increased reabsorption of intestinal water and
electrolytes

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8
Q

Stools from persons with steatorrhea will contain excess amounts of:

A. Barium sulfate
B. Blood
C. Fat
D. Mucus

A

Fat

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9
Q

Which of the following pairings of stool appearance and cause does not match?

A. Black, tarry: blood
B. Pale, frothy: steatorrhea
C. Yellow-gray: bile duct obstruction
D. Yellow-green: barium sulfate

A

Yellow-green: barium sulfate

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10
Q

Stool specimens that appear ribbon-like are indicative of
which condition?

A. Bile-duct obstruction
B. Colitis
C. Intestinal constriction
D. Malignancy

A

Intestinal constriction

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11
Q

A black tarry stool is indicative of:

A. Upper GI bleeding
B. Lower GI bleeding
C. Excess fat
D. Excess carbohydrates

A

Upper GI bleeding

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12
Q

Chemical screening tests performed on feces include all of the following except:

A. APT test
B. Clinitest
C. Pilocarpine iontophoresis
D. Quantitative fecal fats

A

Pilocarpine iontophoresis

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13
Q

Secretory diarrhea is caused by:

A. Antibiotic administration
B. Lactose intolerance
C. Celiac sprue
D. Vibrio cholerae

A

Vibrio cholerae

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14
Q

The fecal osmotic gap is elevated in which disorder?

A. Dumping syndrome
B. Osmotic diarrhea
C. Secretory diarrhea
D. Steatorrhea

A

Osmotic diarrhea

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15
Q

Microscopic examination of stools provides preliminary
information as to the cause of diarrhea because:

A. Neutrophils are present in conditions caused by
toxin-producing bacteria
B. Neutrophils are present in conditions that affect the
intestinal wall
C. Red and white blood cells are present if the cause is
bacterial
D. Neutrophils are present if the condition is of non-bacterial etiology

A

Neutrophils are present in conditions that affect the
intestinal wall

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16
Q

True or False: The presence of fecal neutrophils would be
expected with diarrhea caused by a rotavirus.

A

False

17
Q

Large orange-red droplets seen on direct microscopic
examination of stools mixed with Sudan III represent:

A. Cholesterol
B. Fatty acids
C. Neutral fats
D. Soaps

A

Neutral fats

18
Q

Microscopic examination of stools mixed with Sudan III
and glacial acetic acid and then heated will show small
orange-red droplets that represent:

A. Fatty acids and soaps
B. Fatty acids and neutral fats
C. Fatty acids, soaps, and neutral fats
D. Soaps

A

Fatty acids, soaps, and neutral fats

19
Q

When performing a microscopic stool examination for muscle fibers, the structures that should be counted:

A. Are coiled and stain blue
B. Contain no visible striations
C. Have two-dimensional striations
D. Have vertical striations and stain red

A

Have two-dimensional striations

20
Q

A value of 85% fat retention would indicate:

A. Dumping syndrome
B. Osmotic diarrhea
C. Secretory diarrhea
D. Steatorrhea

A

Steatorrhea

21
Q

Which of the following tests would not be indicative of
steatorrhea?

A. Fecal elastase-I
B. Fecal occult blood
C. Sudan III
D. Van de Kamer

A

Fecal occult blood

22
Q

The term “occult” blood describes blood that:

A. Is produced in the lower GI tract
B. Is produced in the upper GI tract
C. Is not visibly apparent in the stool specimen
D. Produces a black, tarry stool

A

Is not visibly apparent in the stool specimen

23
Q

What is the recommended number of samples that should be tested to confirm a negative occult blood result?

A. One random specimen
B. Two samples taken from different parts of three
stools
C. Three samples taken from the outermost portion of
the stool
D. Three samples taken from different parts of two
stools

A

Two samples taken from different parts of three
stools

24
Q

The immunochemical tests for occult blood:

A. Test for human globulin
B. Give false-positive reactions with meat hemoglobin
C. Can give false-positive reactions with aspirin
D. Are inhibited by porphyrin

A

Test for human globulin

25
Q

Guaiac tests for detecting occult blood rely on the:

A. Reaction of hemoglobin with hydrogen peroxide
B. Pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin
C. Reaction of hemoglobin with ortho-toluidine
D. Pseudoperoxidase activity of hydrogen peroxide

A

Pseudoperoxidase activity of hemoglobin

26
Q

What is the significance of an APT test that remains pink
after addition of sodium hydroxide?

A. Fecal fat is present.
B. Fetal hemoglobin is present.
C. Fecal trypsin is present.
D. Vitamin C is present.

A

Fetal hemoglobin is present

27
Q

In the Van de Kamer method for quantitative fecal fat
determinations, fecal lipids are:

A. Converted to fatty acids prior to titrating with
sodium hydroxide
B. Homogenized and titrated to a neutral endpoint with
sodium hydroxide
C. Measured gravimetrically after washing
D. Measured by spectrophotometer after addition of
Sudan III

A

Converted to fatty acids prior to titrating with
sodium hydroxide

28
Q

A patient whose stool exhibits increased fats, undigested muscle fibers, and the inability to digest gelatin may have:

A. Bacterial dysentery
B. A duodenal ulcer
C. Cystic fibrosis
D. Lactose intolerance

A

Cystic fibrosis

29
Q

A stool specimen collected from an infant with diarrhea
has a pH of 5.0. This result correlates with a:

A. Positive APT test
B. Negative trypsin test
C. Positive Clinitest
D. Negative occult blood test

A

Positive Clinitest

30
Q

Which of the following tests differentiates a malabsorption cause from a maldigestion cause in steatorrhea?

A. APT test
B. D-xylose test
C. Lactose tolerance test
D. Occult blood test

A

D-xylose test

Analysis on Urine and other Bodily Fluids (17 decks)

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