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Analysis on Urine and other Bodily Fluids > Book: CSF > Flashcards

Book: CSF Flashcards

1
Q

The functions of the CSF include all of the following
except:

A. Removing metabolic wastes
B. Producing an ultrafiltrate of plasma
C. Supplying nutrients to the CNS
D. Protecting the brain and spinal cord

A

Producing an ultrafiltrate of plasma

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2
Q

The CSF flows through the:

A. Choroid plexus
B. Pia mater
C. Arachnoid space
D. Dura mater

A

Arachnoid space

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3
Q

Substances present in the CSF are controlled by the:

A. Arachnoid granulations
B. Blood–brain barrier
C. Presence of one-way valves
D. Blood–CSF barrier

A

Blood–brain barrier

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4
Q

What department is the CSF tube labeled 3 routinely
sent to?

A. Hematology
B. Chemistry
C. Microbiology
D. Serology

A

Hematology

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5
Q

The CSF tube that should be kept at room temperature is:

A. Tube 1
B. Tube 2
C. Tube 3
D. Tube 4

A

Tube 2

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6
Q

Place the appropriate letter in front of the statement that
best describes CSF specimens in these two conditions:

A. Traumatic tap
B. Intracranial hemorrhage

Even distribution of blood in all tubes
Xanthochromic supernatant
Concentration of blood in tube 1 is greater than in tube 3
Specimen contains clots

A

B
B
A
A

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7
Q

The presence of xanthochromia can be caused by all of the following except:

A. Immature liver function
B. RBC degradation
C. A recent hemorrhage
D. Elevated CSF protein

A

A recent hemorrhage

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8
Q

A web-like pellicle in a refrigerated CSF specimen
indicates:

A. Tubercular meningitis
B. Multiple sclerosis
C. Primary CNS malignancy
D. Viral meningitis

A

Tubercular meningitis

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9
Q

Given the following information, calculate the CSF WBC count: cells counted, 80; dilution, 1:10; large Neubauer squares counted, 10.

A. 8
B. 80
C. 800
D. 8000

A

800

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10
Q

A CSF WBC count is diluted with:

A. Distilled water
B. Normal saline
C. Acetic acid
D. Hypotonic saline

A

Acetic acid

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11
Q

A total CSF cell count on a clear fluid should be:

A. Reported as normal
B. Not reported
C. Diluted with normal saline
D. Counted undiluted

A

Counted undiluted

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12
Q

The purpose of adding albumin to CSF before cytocentrifugation is to:

A. Increase the cell yield
B. Decrease the cellular distortion
C. Improve the cellular staining
D. Both A and B

A

Both A and B

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13
Q

The primary concern when pleocytosis of neutrophils and lymphocytes is found in the CSF is:

A. Meningitis
B. CNS malignancy
C. Multiple sclerosis
D. Hemorrhage

A

Meningitis

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14
Q

Neutrophils with pyknotic nuclei may be mistaken for:

A. Lymphocytes
B. Nucleated RBCs
C. Malignant cells
D. Spindle-shaped cells

A

Nucleated RBCs

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15
Q

The presence of which of the following cells is increased
in a parasitic infection?

A. Neutrophils
B. Macrophages
C. Eosinophils
D. Lymphocytes

A

Eosinophils

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16
Q

Macrophages appear in the CSF after:

A. Hemorrhage
B. Repeated spinal taps
C. Diagnostic procedures
D. All of the above

A

All of the above

17
Q

Nucleated RBCs are seen in the CSF as a result of:

A. Elevated blood RBCs
B. Treatment of anemia
C. Severe hemorrhage
D. Bone marrow contamination

A

Bone marrow contamination

18
Q

After a CNS diagnostic procedure, which of the following might be seen in the CSF?

A. Choroidal cells
B. Ependymal cells
C. Spindle-shaped cells
D. All of the above

A

All of the above

19
Q

Hemosiderin granules and hematoidin crystals are seen in:

A. Lymphocytes
B. Macrophages
C. Ependymal cells
D. Neutrophils

A

Macrophages

20
Q

Myeloblasts are seen in the CSF:

A. In bacterial infections
B. In conjunction with CNS malignancy
C. After cerebral hemorrhage
D. As a complication of acute leukemia

A

As a complication of acute leukemia

21
Q

Cells resembling large and small lymphocytes with
cleaved nuclei represent:

A. Lymphoma cells
B. Choroid cells
C. Melanoma cells
D. Medulloblastoma cells

A

Lymphoma cells

22
Q

The reference range for CSF protein is:

A. 6 to 8 g/dL
B. 15 to 45 g/dL
C. 6 to 8 mg/dL
D. 15 to 45 mg/dL

A

15 to 45 g/dL

23
Q

CSF can be differentiated from serum by the presence of:

A. Albumin
B. Globulin
C. Prealbumin
D. Tau transferrin

A

Globulin

24
Q

In serum, the second most prevalent protein is IgG; in
CSF, the second most prevalent protein is:

A. Transferrin
B. Prealbumin
C. IgA
D. Ceruloplasmin

A

Prealbumin

25
Q

Elevated CSF protein values can be caused by all of the
following except:

A. Meningitis
B. Multiple sclerosis
C. Fluid leakage
D. CNS malignancy

A

Fluid leakage

26
Q

The integrity of the blood–brain barrier is measured using the:
A. CSF/serum albumin index
B. CSF/serum globulin ratio
C. CSF albumin index
D. CSF IgG index

A

CSF/serum albumin index

27
Q

Given the following results, calculate the IgG index: CSF IgG, 50 mg/dL; serum IgG, 2 g/dL; CSF albumin, 70 mg/dL;
serum albumin, 5 g/dL.

A. 0.6
B. 6.0
C. 1.8
D. 2.8

A

1.8

28
Q

The CSF IgG index calculated in Study Question 27
indicates:

A. Synthesis of IgG in the CNS
B. Damage to the blood–brain barrier
C. Cerebral hemorrhage
D. Lymphoma infiltration

A

Synthesis of IgG in the CNS

29
Q

The finding of oligoclonal bands in the CSF and not in
the serum is seen with:

A. Multiple myeloma
B. CNS malignancy
C. Multiple sclerosis
D. Viral infections

A

Multiple sclerosis

30
Q

A CSF glucose of 15 mg/dL, WBC count of 5000, 90% neutrophils, and protein of 80 mg/dL suggests:

A. Fungal meningitis
B. Viral meningitis
C. Tubercular meningitis
D. Bacterial meningitis

A

Bacterial meningitis

31
Q

A patient with a blood glucose of 120 mg/dL would have a normal CSF glucose of:

A. 20 mg/dL
B. 60 mg/dL
C. 80 mg/dL
D. 120 mg/dL

A

60 mg/dL

32
Q

CSF lactate will be more consistently decreased in:

A. Bacterial meningitis
B. Viral meningitis
C. Fungal meningitis
D. Tubercular meningitis

A

Bacterial meningitis

33
Q

Measurement of which of the following can be replaced by CSF glutamine analysis in children with Reye syndrome?

A. Ammonia
B. Lactate
C. Glucose
D. α -Ketoglutarate

A

Ammonia

34
Q

Before performing a Gram stain on CSF, the specimen
must be:

A. Filtered
B. Warmed to 37°C
C. Centrifuged
D. Mixed

A

Centrifuged

35
Q

All of the following statements are true about cryptococcal meningitis except:

A. An India ink preparation is positive
B. A starburst pattern is seen on Gram stain
C. The WBC count is over 2000
D. A confirmatory immunology test is available

A

The WBC count is over 2000

36
Q

The test of choice to detect neurosyphilis is the:
A. RPR
B. VDRL
C. FAB
D. FTA-ABS

A

FTA-ABS

Analysis on Urine and other Bodily Fluids (17 decks)

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