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Cell Biology > Book : Ch. 1 > Flashcards

Book : Ch. 1 Flashcards

0
Q

What is biology ?

A

The science of the study of life

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1
Q

What is biophilia?

A

The love of living things

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2
Q

What are Cyanobacteria ?

A

Bacteria capable of photosynthesis

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3
Q

What is life?

A

Made up of at least 1 cell.

Way of capturing and using energy and raw materials

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4
Q

When did life begin?

A

3.8 billion years ago with chemical origin of the first living cell

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5
Q

Prokaryotic cells contain :

A 
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Nucleoid
Ribosomes
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6
Q

Eukaryotic cells contain

A 
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Nucleus
Ribosomes
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7
Q

Cyanobacteria means what

A

Capable of photosynthesis

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8
Q

What is nature?

A

Everything in the universe except for what humans have manufactured

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9
Q

What are atoms?

A

Fundamental building blocks of all substances

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10
Q

What are molecules?

A

Consisting of two or more atoms

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11
Q

What is a cell?

A

Smallest unit of life

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12
Q

What is an organism ?

A

An individual consisting of one of more cells

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13
Q

What is a population?

A

Individuals of the same species in the same area

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14
Q

What is a community?

A

Populations of all species in same area

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15
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

A community and it’s environment

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16
Q

What is a biosphere?

A

All regions of the earth where organisms live

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17
Q

What is an emergent property?

A

A characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of its component parts

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18
Q

What is an animal?

A

Multicellular consumer, life stages , mobile

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19
Q

What is an archaeon ?

A

Single celled, no nucleus, closely related to eukaryotes

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20
Q

What is a bacterium?

A

Single celled, no nucleus

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21
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

Variation among organisms

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22
Q

What is a prokaryote?

A

Cell with no nucleus

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23
Q

What is a fungus?

A

Single celled/multicelled, digests outside body, absorbs released nutrients, decomposer

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24
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

A sac that encloses DNA

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25
Q

What is a plant?

A

Multicelled producer by photosynthesis

26
Q

What is a protist

A

Part of group of eukaryotes

27
Q

What is a genus?

A

A group of species that share unique features

28
Q

What is a species?

A

Individuals that share one or more heritable traits and can interbreed.

29
Q

What are the three domains that organisms are classified into?

A

Bacteria, archaea, eukarya

30
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to do work

31
Q

What is a nutrient?

A

Atom/molecule that has an essential role in growth and survival that an organism cannot make for itself

32
Q

What are producers?

A

Acquire energy and simple raw materials from environmental sources to make their own food

33
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

Sunlight energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water

34
Q

What are consumers?

A

Cannot make their own food, get energy and nutrients indirectly by eating producers and other organisms

35
Q

What are decomposers?

A

Feeds on waste or remains of organisms

36
Q

What is a receptor?

A

Molecule or cellular structure that responds to a specific form of stimulation.

37
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Adjustment to change allows organisms to keep conditions in their internal environment within a range that favors cell survival

38
Q

What is DNA?

A

Nucleic acid and source of each individual’s distinct figures

39
Q

What is inheritance

A

Transmission of DNA from parents to offspring

40
Q

What is reproduction?

A

Actual mechanisms by which parents transmit DNA to offspring

41
Q

What is development ?

A

The orderly transformation of the first cell of a new individual into an adult

42
Q

What is a species?

A

A kind of organism

43
Q

What is a genus?

A

First part of a two part name for a species

44
Q

What is a bacteria?

A

Single celled organism

45
Q

What does prokaryotic mean?

A

Bacteria containing no nucleus.

46
Q

What are archaeons?

A

They are the same as prokaryotes but evolutionally closer to eukaryotes

47
Q

What are eukaryotes?

A

An organism with a nucleus

48
Q

What are Protists?

A

Simplest kind of eukaryotes

49
Q

What are fungi

A

Multicelled and eukaryotic organisms

50
Q

What are plants?

A

Multicelled eukaryotes

51
Q

What are animals?

A

Multicelled eukaryotes that ingest tissue or juices of other organisms

52
Q

What are mutations ?

A

Small scale changes in DNA

53
Q

What is an adaptive trait?

A

Trait that has changed in a way that makes an individual better suited to his environment

54
Q

What is natural selection?

A

Differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population that differ in the details if their heritable traits

55
Q

What is evolution

A

Change in the line of decent

56
Q

What is critical thinking?

A

Judging information before accepting it

57
Q

What is science?

A

The systematic study of nature

58
Q

What is scientific theory

A

A hypothesis that has not been disproved after years of tests

59
Q

What are experiments

A

Tests that can support or falsify a prediction

60
Q

What is a variable?

A

Characteristics that differs among individuals or events

61
Q

What is an experimental group :

A

Group of individuals that recieve a certain treatment

62
Q

What is a control group?

A

Identical to experimental groups but missing one characteristic

63
Q

What is a sampling error

A

What is a sampling error?

Cell Biology (13 decks)

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