Book : Ch. 1 Flashcards by sara sunflower

What is biology ?

The science of the study of life

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What is biophilia?

The love of living things

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What are Cyanobacteria ?

Bacteria capable of photosynthesis

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What is life?

Made up of at least 1 cell.

Way of capturing and using energy and raw materials

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When did life begin?

3.8 billion years ago with chemical origin of the first living cell

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Prokaryotic cells contain :

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Nucleoid
Ribosomes

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Eukaryotic cells contain

Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Nucleus
Ribosomes

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Cyanobacteria means what

Capable of photosynthesis

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What is nature?

Everything in the universe except for what humans have manufactured

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What are atoms?

Fundamental building blocks of all substances

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What are molecules?

Consisting of two or more atoms

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What is a cell?

Smallest unit of life

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What is an organism ?

An individual consisting of one of more cells

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What is a population?

Individuals of the same species in the same area

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What is a community?

Populations of all species in same area

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What is an ecosystem?

A community and it’s environment

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What is a biosphere?

All regions of the earth where organisms live

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What is an emergent property?

A characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of its component parts

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What is an animal?

Multicellular consumer, life stages , mobile

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What is an archaeon ?

Single celled, no nucleus, closely related to eukaryotes

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What is a bacterium?

Single celled, no nucleus

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What is biodiversity?

Variation among organisms

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What is a prokaryote?

Cell with no nucleus

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What is a fungus?

Single celled/multicelled, digests outside body, absorbs released nutrients, decomposer

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What is a nucleus?

A sac that encloses DNA

What is a plant?

Multicelled producer by photosynthesis

What is a protist

Part of group of eukaryotes

What is a genus?

A group of species that share unique features

What is a species?

Individuals that share one or more heritable traits and can interbreed.

What are the three domains that organisms are classified into?

Bacteria, archaea, eukarya

What is energy?

The capacity to do work

What is a nutrient?

Atom/molecule that has an essential role in growth and survival that an organism cannot make for itself

What are producers?

Acquire energy and simple raw materials from environmental sources to make their own food

What is photosynthesis?

Sunlight energy to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water

What are consumers?

Cannot make their own food, get energy and nutrients indirectly by eating producers and other organisms

What are decomposers?

Feeds on waste or remains of organisms

What is a receptor?

Molecule or cellular structure that responds to a specific form of stimulation.

What is homeostasis

Adjustment to change allows organisms to keep conditions in their internal environment within a range that favors cell survival

What is DNA?

Nucleic acid and source of each individual's distinct figures

What is inheritance

Transmission of DNA from parents to offspring

What is reproduction?

Actual mechanisms by which parents transmit DNA to offspring

What is development ?

The orderly transformation of the first cell of a new individual into an adult

What is a species?

A kind of organism

What is a genus?

First part of a two part name for a species

What is a bacteria?

Single celled organism

What does prokaryotic mean?

Bacteria containing no nucleus.

What are archaeons?

They are the same as prokaryotes but evolutionally closer to eukaryotes

What are eukaryotes?

An organism with a nucleus

What are Protists?

Simplest kind of eukaryotes

What are fungi

Multicelled and eukaryotic organisms

What are plants?

Multicelled eukaryotes

What are animals?

Multicelled eukaryotes that ingest tissue or juices of other organisms

What are mutations ?

Small scale changes in DNA

What is an adaptive trait?

Trait that has changed in a way that makes an individual better suited to his environment

What is natural selection?

Differential survival and reproduction of individuals in a population that differ in the details if their heritable traits

What is evolution

Change in the line of decent

What is critical thinking?

Judging information before accepting it

What is science?

The systematic study of nature

What is scientific theory

A hypothesis that has not been disproved after years of tests

What are experiments

Tests that can support or falsify a prediction

What is a variable?

Characteristics that differs among individuals or events

What is an experimental group :

Group of individuals that recieve a certain treatment

What is a control group?

Identical to experimental groups but missing one characteristic

What is a sampling error

What is a sampling error?