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Human Structure > Bony Architecture of Back > Flashcards

Bony Architecture of Back Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the borders and location of the back.

A
  • Location: posterior aspect of trunk
  • Borders:
    • Superior: Cranial Region
    • Inferior: Gluteal Region
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2
Q

Vertebra Prominens

A

Most superior prominent spinous process of vertebral column

  • C7 (if moves) or T1 (stationary)
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3
Q
A

Body

Weight-bearing portion

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4
Q
A

Vertebral foramen

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5
Q
A

Superior articular facet

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6
Q
A

Superior costal facet

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7
Q
A

Inferior costal facet

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8
Q
A

Transverse process

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9
Q
A

Pedicle

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10
Q
A

Costal facet

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11
Q
A

Spinous process

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12
Q
A

Lamina

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13
Q

What two bony landmarks are indicated? What do these bony landmarks form? What passes through these bony landmarks?

A

Inferior and Superior Vertebral Notches

  • Together, they form the Intervertebral Foramina
    • ​Spinal nerves pass through here
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14
Q
A

Transverse Costal Facet

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15
Q

What type of vertebrae is this? What are the two distinguishing features of this vertebrae? What passes through the opening lateral to the body of this vertebra?

A

Cervical Vertebra

  • Bifid spinous process
  • Transverse Foramina
    • ​Vertebral artery passes through
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16
Q

What forms the vertebral arch?

A

Two lamina and two pedicles

17
Q

Name the bony landmark. What muscle occupies this space?

A

Infraspinous Fossa

  • Infraspinatus m.
18
Q

What bone is this? Indicate right or left. Name the bony landmark.

A

Scapula (right)

  • Medial Border
19
Q

Name the bony landmarks.

A

Superior and Inferior Angles

20
Q

Name the bony landmark. What muscle occupies this space?

A

Supraspinous Fossa

  • Supraspinatus m.
21
Q
A

Scapular Spine

22
Q
A

Coracoid Process

23
Q
A

Glenoid Fossa

24
Q
A

Acromion

25
Q

Name of the upper ridge of hip bone? What does this ridge allow you to locate?

A

Iliac Crests

  • Bony Level L4 Spinous Process
26
Q

What is the scientific term for hip bones?

A

Ossa Coxae

27
Q

Describe the regions of the vertebral column. How many vertebrae are in each region?

A
  • Cervical: 7; neck
  • Thoracic: 12; articulate with ribs
  • Lumbar: 5; small of back
  • Sacral: 5; fused in adult
  • Coccygeal: 4; tail bone
28
Q

What are the primary curvatures of the vertebral column?

A
  1. Thoracic Curvature
  2. Sacral Curvature
  • Occur in flexing pattern (see image)*
  • Develop in utero
29
Q

What are the secondary curvatures of the vertebral column? When do these curvatures develop?

A
  1. Cervical curvature
    • ​Develops when holding head up (3 months)
  2. Lumbar curvature
    • ​​Develops when starting to stand/walk​ (9-15 months)
30
Q

What vertebral region do ribs articulate with? Describe how they articulate.

A

Thoracic

  • Articulate between two adjacent vertebrae
    • Head articulates with body (superior/inferior costal facet)
    • Tubercle articulates with transverse process (transverse costal facet)
31
Q

What is the composition of intervertebral discs? What is their function? How much of the verterbral column length do they account for?

A
  • Anulus fibrosus:
    • The peripheral fibrocartilage
  • Nucleus puposus:
    • Central gelatinous part
  • Function: shock absorbers
  • Make up 1/4 of the vertebral column
32
Q

bco5905What is a hearniated disc? Where does it most commonly occur? Specifically describe what will be affected by a herniated disc.

A
  • Tear in anulus fibrosus resulting in protrusion of nucleus pulposus in a posterolateral direction
  • Compress spinal nerve roots or cord on that side
    • Affect nerve below and everything else
      • L4-L5 disc herniation affects L5 spinal nerve
      • Rule consistent in cervical region (C5-C6 will affect C6)
  • Most commonly occurs in cervical and lumbar regions.
    • Whiplash (cervical)
    • Orientation of pelvis while sitting (lumbar)
33
Q
A

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

  • Posterior to vertebral body
34
Q
A

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

  • Anterior to vertebral body
35
Q

Ligamentum Flavum

A
  • Between adjacent laminae
36
Q

Interspinous Ligaments

A
  • Between spinous processes
37
Q

Supraspinous Ligament

A
  • Superficial to spinous processes
  • Broadens at neck and is continuous with ligamentum nuchae

Human Structure (30 decks)

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