Bones and Selected Bone Markings of the Lower Limb

Question 1

Femur

Answer 1

is the largest and strongest bone in the human skeleton.

Question 2

head

Answer 2

large, rounded, knob-like proximal end

Question 3

neck

Answer 3

narrower, constriction distal to head

Question 4

greater trochanter

Answer 4

large and roughened superior projection; lateral to the neck

Question 5

lesser trochanter

Answer 5

smaller, posterior medial prominence distal to the greater trochanter

Question 6

medial condyle

Answer 6

rounded, medial process on the posterior surface of the distal end

Question 7

lateral condyle

Answer 7

similar to medial condyle on the lateral side

Question 8

intercondylar fossa

Answer 8

deep fossa between medial and lateral condyles

Question 9

medial fossa

Answer 9

a bump like projection superior to lateral condyle; a little smaller

Question 10

gluteal tuberosity

Answer 10

the posterior surface of the body of femur; roughened projection distal to the lesser trochanter

Question 11

linea asper

Answer 11

vertical ridge on the posterior surface

Question 12

Patella

Answer 12

small, triangular bone has an anterior surface that is smoother than the posterior surface. shallow, irregular-shaped articular facets are on the posterior surface and articulate with the condyles of the femur.

Question 13

tibia

Answer 13

the tibia is the weight-bearing bone of the 2 leg bones and is medially located

Question 14

medial condyle

Answer 14

flattened, expanded medial projection on the proximal end

Question 15

lateral condyle

Answer 15

similar to medial condyle on the lateral surface

Question 16

tibial tuberosity

Answer 16

large, roughened projection on the anterior surface, distal to condyles

Question 17

anterior border (crest)

Answer 17

slender ridges on anterior surface; shin

Question 18

medial malleolus

Answer 18

a medial process on the distal end forms a medial bump of the ankle

Question 19

fibula

Answer 19

the slender fibula is the lateral leg bone that is important for muscle attachment but not for bearing weight

Question 20

lateral malleolus

Answer 20

the distal end forms the lateral bump of the ankle

Question 21

Tarsus

Answer 21

the tarsus is composed of 7 tarsal bones of the foot, with 2 of them being larger than the rest.

Question 22

calcaneus

Answer 22

the largest tarsal bone (heel)

Question 23

Talus

Answer 23

articulates with the medial malleolus of the tibia and lateral malleolus of the fibula

Question 24

Metatarsus

Answer 24

composed of 5 metatarsal bones that are analogous to the metacarpals in the hand. They are numbered the same way, I-V from the great toe to the little toe

Question 25

phalanges

Answer 25

toes are numbered I-V from the great toe to the little toe. the great toe is made of 2 phalanges (proximal and distal) and digits II-V have proximal, middle, and distal phalanges