bones and muscles of leg,ankle,foot

Question 1

anterior features of tibia and fibula

Answer 1

• head of fibula
• tibial tuberosity
• lateral malleolus
• medial malleolus

Question 2

posterior features of tibia and fibula

Answer 2

• condyles
• soleal line
• lateral and medial malleolus

Question 3

interosseous membrane

Answer 3

• fibrous connective tissue
• stabilized the tibia and fibula along their vertical axis
• separating the anterior and posterior compartments of the leg

Question 4

bones of foot

Answer 4

• tarsals
• metatarsals
• phalanges

Question 5

what are the 7 tarsals

Answer 5

• calcaneus
• talus
• navicular
• cuboid
• cuneiforms (Medial, intermediate, lateral)

Question 6

phalanges

Answer 6

distal
middle
proximal

Question 7

what are the phalanges of the hallux (big toe)

Answer 7

distal and proximal

Question 8

what are the extra bones in the foot called and what do they do

Answer 8

sesamoid bone
- encased in the tendon of flexor hallicus brevis

Question 9

dorsiflexion

Answer 9

toes to the sky

Question 10

plantarflexion

Answer 10

toe pointing down

Question 11

what are the joints in the ankle

Answer 11

• talocrural joint
• subtalar joint

Question 12

talocrural joint

Answer 12

• synovial hinge joint
• formed by the articulation of the tibia, fibula, and talus
  Action: plantarflexion/dorsiflexion
• hinge joint

Question 13

subtalar joint

Answer 13

• synovial plane joint
• formed by the articulation of the talus and the calcaneus
  Action: inversion/eversion

Question 14

what are the action of the anterior and posterior compartemnt of the leg

Answer 14

anterior= extension
posterior= flexion

Question 15

anterior compartment (leg) + action

Answer 15

1. tibialis anterior
2. extensor hallicus longus
3. extensor digitorum longus
4. peroneus tertius

dorsiflexion

Question 16

tibialis anterior

Answer 16

O: upper 2/3 of the lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
I: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
A: dorsiflexion and inversion

Question 17

extensor hallicus longus

Answer 17

O: middle 1/3 of the medial surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane
I: base of distal phalanx of the hallux
A: dorsiflexion and extension of hallux

Question 18

extensor digitorum longus

Answer 18

O: lateral tibial condyle, head and medial surface of fibula, and interosseous membrane
I: base of distal phalanx for digits 2-5
A: dorsiflexion and extension of digits 2-5

Question 19

peroneus (fibularis) tertius

Answer 19

O: anterior border of distal fibula
I: base of 5th metatarsal
A: dorsiflexion and eversion

Question 20

extensor retinaculum

Answer 20

bands of connective tissue covering the extensor tendons on the anterior surface of the leg and ankle

Question 21

lateral compartment (leg) muscles + action

Answer 21

1. peroneus longus
2. peroneus brevis

eversion

Question 22

peroneus longus

Answer 22

O: head and proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
I: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
A: plantarflexion and eversion

Question 23

peroneus brevis

Answer 23

O: distal 1/2 of lateral surface of fibula
I: base of the 5th metatarsal
A: plantarflexion and eversion

Question 24

posterior SUPERFICIAL compartment + action

Answer 24

1. gastrocnemius
2. soleus
3. plantaris

plantarflexion

Question 25

gastrocnemius

Answer 25

O: medial and lateral epicondyle of the femur I: calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon A: knee flexion and plantar flexion

Question 26

soleus

Answer 26

O: posterior surface of fibular head and neck, and soleal line of tibia I: calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon A: plantarflexion

Question 27

what is the largest muscle in the cafe

Answer 27

soleus

Question 28

plantaris

Answer 28

O: lateral epicondyle of the femur I: calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon A: knee flexion and plantarflexion

Question 29

posterior DEEP compartment (leg) + action

Answer 29

1. popliteus 2. tibialis posterior 3. flexor digitorum longus 4. flexor hallicus longus plantarflexion and inversion

Question 30

popliteus

Answer 30

O: lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus I: posterior tibial surface A: "unlocks" and stabilized knee joint

Question 31

tibialis posterior

Answer 31

O: interosseous membrane and borders of tibia and fibula I: navicular, cuneiforms and base of 2-4th metatarsals A: plantarflexion and inversion

Question 32

flexor digitorum longus

Answer 32

O: middle 1/3 of posterior surface of tibia I: base of 2-5th distal phalanges A: plantarflexion, inversion, and flexion of digits 2-5

Question 33

flexor hallicus longus

Answer 33

O: distal 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane I: base of distal phalanx of hallux A: plantarflexion, inversion, and flexion of hallux

Question 34

flexor retinaculum

Answer 34

band of connective tissue covering the flexor tendons on the medial surface of the ankle

Question 35

what is within the tarsal tunnel

Answer 35

1. tibialis posterior 2. flexor digitorum longus 3. posterior tibial artery and vein 4. tibial nerve 5. flexor hallicus longus

Question 36

what is a way to remember the tarsal tunnel

Answer 36

Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry