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ANAT 315 > bones and joints of pelvic girdle and hip > Flashcards

bones and joints of pelvic girdle and hip Flashcards

1
Q

innominate

A

three fused bones
- ilium
- pubis
- ischium

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2
Q

features of ilium medial view

A
  • iliac crest
  • iliac fossa
  • anterior superior iliac spine
  • anterior inferior iliac spine
  • arcuate line
  • auricular surface
  • iliac tuberosity
  • posterior superior iliac spine
  • posterior inferior iliac spine
  • greater sciatic notch
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3
Q

ilium features lateral view

A
  • gluteal surface
  • iliac crest
  • PSIS
  • PIIS
  • greater sciatic notch
  • AISS
  • ASIS
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4
Q

ischium features medial and lateral view

A
  • ischial spine
  • lesser sciatic notch
  • ischial tuberosity
  • ischial ramus
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5
Q

pubis features medial and lateral view

A
  • pectineal line (medial)
  • symphyseal surface (medial)
  • inferior pubic ramus
  • body
  • superior pubic ramus
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6
Q

shared features

A

arcuate and pectineal line = iliopectineal line
- acetabulum
- obturator foramen
- ischiopubic ramus

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7
Q

how to tell difference between male and female pelvis

A

female- wider subpubic angle
male- smaller subpubic angle

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8
Q

what is true
a) the ischium has four spines
b) the symphyseal surface is located medially
c) the subpubic angle is approx 90 degrees in males
d) the acetabulum is shared by only the pubic and the ilium

A

b)

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9
Q

bones of the pelvic girdle

A
  • innominate
  • sacrum
  • coccyx
  • pelvic inlet
  • pelvic outlet
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10
Q

features of sacrum

A
  • sacral ala (anterior)
  • sacral promontory (anterior)
  • anterior sacral foramina (anterior)
  • sacral canal (posterior)
  • posterior sacral foramina
  • sacral hiatus (posterior)
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11
Q

features of sacrum

A

auricular surface

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12
Q

pelvic inlet borders

A

anterior: pubic symphysis
posterior: sacral promontory and ala
lateral: iliopectineal line

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13
Q

pelvic outlet borders

A

anterior: pubic arch
posterior: coccyx
lateral: ischial tuberosity

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14
Q

false pelvis

A

superior to the pelvic outlet

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15
Q

true pelvis

A

between the inlet and outlet

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16
Q

what is true
a) the lateral borders of the pelvic inlet are the iliopectineal lines
b) the false pelvic is located inferior to the pelvic inlet
c) the posterior border of the pelvic outlet is the sacral promontory
d) the true pelvis contains abdominal viscera

A

a)

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17
Q

pubic symphysis joint

A
  • fibrocartilaginous
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18
Q

sacroiliac joint

A

sacrum + ilium
- auricular surfaces

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19
Q

sacroiliac ligament

A

sacrum to the ilium
- support the trunk of the lower limbs

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20
Q

sacrospinous ligament

A

sacrum + ischial spine
- helps form an opening

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21
Q

sacrotuberous ligaments

A
  • posterior superior iliac spine
  • sacrum
  • ischial tuberosity
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22
Q

inguinal ligaments

A
  • anterior superior iliac spine
  • pubis
23
Q

sciatic foramina

A
  • sacrospinous ligament helps form it
  • greater sciatic foramen
  • lesser sciatic foramen
24
Q

which ligament is matched with the correct attachment sites
a) inguinal ligament —> PSIS and pubis
b) sacroiliac ligament—> arcuate surfaces of the ilium and sacrum
c) sacrotuberous ligament—> PSIS, sacrum and ischial tuberosity
d) sacrospinous ligament—> spinous process of L5 and sacrum

A

c)

25
Q

hip joint

A
  • synovial ball and socket
  • stability > mobility
  • circumduction
26
Q

acetabulum (contents)

A
  • lunate surface
  • acetabular labrum
  • fovea
27
Q

what is attached to the femoral head

A

ligamentous teres

28
Q

supporting ligaments of the hip

A

iliofemoral ligament
pubofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament

29
Q

iliofemoral ligament

A

ilium–> femur
- ‘Y’ ligament
- prevent hyperextension

30
Q

pubofemoral ligament

A

pubis–> femur
- prevent excessive abduction

31
Q

ischiofemoral ligament

A

ischiomen–> femur
- prevent hyperextension
- mostly posterior

32
Q

features of femur (proximal)

A
  • head
  • neck
  • greater trochanter
  • trochanteric fossa (posterior)
  • lesser trochanter
  • intertrochanter crest (posterior)
  • intertrochanteric line
  • gluteal tuberosity (posterior)
33
Q

ischiococcygenus

A

origin: sacrum (inferior end)
insertion: ischial spine
action: supports pelvic viscera

34
Q

levator ani

A

origin: pubis, superior pubic ramus

insertion: anococcygeal ligament, coccyx

action: supports pelvic viscera

35
Q

what are the two hiatuses

A
  • anal hiatus
  • urogenital hiatus
36
Q

functions of the pelvic floor

A
  • supports abdominal and pelvic viscera
  • forms the anal and urogenital hiatuses
  • resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure
37
Q

select the correct statment
a) there are 4 muscles in the levator ani groups
b) ischioccygeus inserts on the ischial spine
c) levator ani originates from the ilium
d) the pelvic floor muscles resist decreases in intra-abdominal pressure

A

b) ischioccygeus inserts on the ischial spine

38
Q

lateral rotators muscles

A
  • piriformis
  • obturator internus
  • obturator externus
  • gemellus superior
  • gemellus inferior
  • quadratus femoris
39
Q

piriformis

A

Origin: pelvic surface of the sacrum
Insertion: apex of the greater trochanter of the femur
action: lateral rotation, abduction and extension of the hip joint

40
Q

sciatic nerve

A

origin: lumbosacral plexus (L4, L5,S1,S2,S3)
close relationship with piriformis

41
Q

obturator externus

A

Origin: outer surface of the obturator membrane
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of the femur
action: lateral rotation and adduction of the hip joint

42
Q

obturator internus

A

Origin: inner surface of the obturator membrane
Insertion: medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension of the hip joint

43
Q

gemellus superior

A

Origin: ischial spine
Insertion: medial surface greater trochanter (with obturator internus tendon)
action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension of the hip joint

44
Q

gemellus inferior

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial surface greater trochanter (with obturator internus tendon)
action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension of the hip joint

45
Q

gemellus sandwich

A
  • gemellus superior
  • obturator internus
  • gemellus inferior
46
Q

quadratus femoris

A

Origin: lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
action: lateral rotation and adduction of the hip joint

47
Q

select the correct statement
a) gemellus inferior originates on the ischial spine
b) obturator internus laterally rotates, abducts and extends the hip joint
c) obturator externus originates on the outer surface of the obturator membrane
d) gemellus superior originates on the ischial tuberosity

A

c) obturator externus originates on the outer surface of the obturator membrane

48
Q

gluteus maximus

A

Origin: sacrum, ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of the femur
action: extension, lateral rotation, adduction

49
Q

gluteus medius

A

Origin: ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur
action: abduction of the hip joint

50
Q

gluteus minimums

A

Origin: ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur
action: abduction of the hip joint

51
Q

tensor fasciae latae (TFL)

A

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Insertion: iliotibial tract
action: abduction, flexion, and medial rotation of the hip joint

52
Q

select the correct one
a) TFL abducts, extends, and internally rotates the hip joint
b) TFL originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine
c) gluteus Medius originates from the thoracolumbar fascia
d) gluteus maximus extends and laterally rotates the hip joint

A

d)

53
Q

gluteal muscles

A
  • gluteus maximums
  • gluteus Medius
  • gluteus minimums
  • tensor fasciae latae
54
Q
A

ANAT 315 (11 decks)

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