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ANAT 315 > bones and joints of pelvic girdle and hip > Flashcards

bones and joints of pelvic girdle and hip Flashcards

1
Q

innominate

A

three fused bones
- ilium
- pubis
- ischium

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2
Q

features of ilium medial view

A
  • iliac crest
  • iliac fossa
  • anterior superior iliac spine
  • anterior inferior iliac spine
  • arcuate line
  • auricular surface
  • iliac tuberosity
  • posterior superior iliac spine
  • posterior inferior iliac spine
  • greater sciatic notch
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3
Q

ilium features lateral view

A
  • gluteal surface
  • iliac crest
  • PSIS
  • PIIS
  • greater sciatic notch
  • AISS
  • ASIS
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4
Q

ischium features medial and lateral view

A
  • ischial spine
  • lesser sciatic notch
  • ischial tuberosity
  • ischial ramus
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5
Q

pubis features medial and lateral view

A
  • pectineal line (medial)
  • symphyseal surface (medial)
  • inferior pubic ramus
  • body
  • superior pubic ramus
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6
Q

shared features

A

arcuate and pectineal line = iliopectineal line
- acetabulum
- obturator foramen
- ischiopubic ramus

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7
Q

how to tell difference between male and female pelvis

A

female- wider subpubic angle
male- smaller subpubic angle

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8
Q

what is true
a) the ischium has four spines
b) the symphyseal surface is located medially
c) the subpubic angle is approx 90 degrees in males
d) the acetabulum is shared by only the pubic and the ilium

A

b)

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9
Q

bones of the pelvic girdle

A
  • innominate
  • sacrum
  • coccyx
  • pelvic inlet
  • pelvic outlet
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10
Q

features of sacrum

A
  • sacral ala (anterior)
  • sacral promontory (anterior)
  • anterior sacral foramina (anterior)
  • sacral canal (posterior)
  • posterior sacral foramina
  • sacral hiatus (posterior)
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11
Q

features of sacrum

A

auricular surface

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12
Q

pelvic inlet borders

A

anterior: pubic symphysis
posterior: sacral promontory and ala
lateral: iliopectineal line

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13
Q

pelvic outlet borders

A

anterior: pubic arch
posterior: coccyx
lateral: ischial tuberosity

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14
Q

false pelvis

A

superior to the pelvic outlet

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15
Q

true pelvis

A

between the inlet and outlet

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16
Q

what is true
a) the lateral borders of the pelvic inlet are the iliopectineal lines
b) the false pelvic is located inferior to the pelvic inlet
c) the posterior border of the pelvic outlet is the sacral promontory
d) the true pelvis contains abdominal viscera

A

a)

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17
Q

pubic symphysis joint

A
  • fibrocartilaginous
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18
Q

sacroiliac joint

A

sacrum + ilium
- auricular surfaces

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19
Q

sacroiliac ligament

A

sacrum to the ilium
- support the trunk of the lower limbs

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20
Q

sacrospinous ligament

A

sacrum + ischial spine
- helps form an opening

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21
Q

sacrotuberous ligaments

A
  • posterior superior iliac spine
  • sacrum
  • ischial tuberosity
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22
Q

inguinal ligaments

A
  • anterior superior iliac spine
  • pubis
23
Q

sciatic foramina

A
  • sacrospinous ligament helps form it
  • greater sciatic foramen
  • lesser sciatic foramen
24
Q

which ligament is matched with the correct attachment sites
a) inguinal ligament —> PSIS and pubis
b) sacroiliac ligament—> arcuate surfaces of the ilium and sacrum
c) sacrotuberous ligament—> PSIS, sacrum and ischial tuberosity
d) sacrospinous ligament—> spinous process of L5 and sacrum

25
hip joint
- synovial ball and socket - stability > mobility - circumduction
26
acetabulum (contents)
- lunate surface - acetabular labrum - fovea
27
what is attached to the femoral head
ligamentous teres
28
supporting ligaments of the hip
iliofemoral ligament pubofemoral ligament ischiofemoral ligament
29
iliofemoral ligament
ilium--> femur - 'Y' ligament - prevent hyperextension
30
pubofemoral ligament
pubis--> femur - prevent excessive abduction
31
ischiofemoral ligament
ischiomen--> femur - prevent hyperextension - mostly posterior
32
features of femur (proximal)
- head - neck - greater trochanter - trochanteric fossa (posterior) - lesser trochanter - intertrochanter crest (posterior) - intertrochanteric line - gluteal tuberosity (posterior)
33
ischiococcygenus
origin: sacrum (inferior end) insertion: ischial spine action: supports pelvic viscera
34
levator ani
origin: pubis, superior pubic ramus insertion: anococcygeal ligament, coccyx action: supports pelvic viscera
35
what are the two hiatuses
- anal hiatus - urogenital hiatus
36
functions of the pelvic floor
- supports abdominal and pelvic viscera - forms the anal and urogenital hiatuses - resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure
37
select the correct statment a) there are 4 muscles in the levator ani groups b) ischioccygeus inserts on the ischial spine c) levator ani originates from the ilium d) the pelvic floor muscles resist decreases in intra-abdominal pressure
b) ischioccygeus inserts on the ischial spine
38
lateral rotators muscles
- piriformis - obturator internus - obturator externus - gemellus superior - gemellus inferior - quadratus femoris
39
piriformis
Origin: pelvic surface of the sacrum Insertion: apex of the greater trochanter of the femur action: lateral rotation, abduction and extension of the hip joint
40
sciatic nerve
origin: lumbosacral plexus (L4, L5,S1,S2,S3) close relationship with piriformis
41
obturator externus
Origin: outer surface of the obturator membrane Insertion: trochanteric fossa of the femur action: lateral rotation and adduction of the hip joint
42
obturator internus
Origin: inner surface of the obturator membrane Insertion: medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension of the hip joint
43
gemellus superior
Origin: ischial spine Insertion: medial surface greater trochanter (with obturator internus tendon) action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension of the hip joint
44
gemellus inferior
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: medial surface greater trochanter (with obturator internus tendon) action: lateral rotation, adduction, and extension of the hip joint
45
gemellus sandwich
- gemellus superior - obturator internus - gemellus inferior
46
quadratus femoris
Origin: lateral border of ischial tuberosity Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur action: lateral rotation and adduction of the hip joint
47
select the correct statement a) gemellus inferior originates on the ischial spine b) obturator internus laterally rotates, abducts and extends the hip joint c) obturator externus originates on the outer surface of the obturator membrane d) gemellus superior originates on the ischial tuberosity
c) obturator externus originates on the outer surface of the obturator membrane
48
gluteus maximus
Origin: sacrum, ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament Insertion: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of the femur action: extension, lateral rotation, adduction
49
gluteus medius
Origin: ilium Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur action: abduction of the hip joint
50
gluteus minimums
Origin: ilium Insertion: greater trochanter of the femur action: abduction of the hip joint
51
tensor fasciae latae (TFL)
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) Insertion: iliotibial tract action: abduction, flexion, and medial rotation of the hip joint
52
select the correct one a) TFL abducts, extends, and internally rotates the hip joint b) TFL originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine c) gluteus Medius originates from the thoracolumbar fascia d) gluteus maximus extends and laterally rotates the hip joint
d)
53
gluteal muscles
- gluteus maximums - gluteus Medius - gluteus minimums - tensor fasciae latae
54

ANAT 315 (11 decks)

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