Bones and Connective Tissue Flashcards
Shapes of the bone
-long
-short
-flat
-irregular
Bone cells
-osteoblasts
-osteocytes
-osteoclasts
Osteoblasts
bone-forming cells (produce new bone tissue)
Osteocytes
most common found cell in mature bone, derive from osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Bone cell that breaks down bone tissue
Bone structure
Bones differ in the distribution of compact and osseous tissues
- They are hard, strong, and dense tissue (and some elasticity)
What are bones composed of?
-60% composed of mineral phase
-30% organic collagen rich matrix
-10% water
(soft protein matrix and hard mineral phase)
2 types of bone architectures
Compact (cortical)
Spongy (cancellous or trabecular)
Where are compact bones mainly?
dominate in long bones
Where are spongy bones mainly?
prominent in the bones of rib cage and spine
An osteon
- a group of hollow tubes of bone matrix
-each matrix tube is lamella
-collagen fibers in each layer run in opposite directions
-resist torsion stresses
-canal runs through the middle with small blood vessels that suppy cells to the osteon
Blood vessels in bones
Bones are well vascularized
-the nutrient artery runs inwards to supply the bone marrow and the spongy bone
Soft connective tissue
Connects and supports and protects stuctures of the body
-cartilage
-ligaments
-tendons
Cartilage
shock, absorber, has no nerves or blood vessels, prevents bones from rubbing together
Ligaments
connects bones and joints together
