Biomechanics

Question 1

What is an elastic body?

Answer 1

A material that returns to its orginal shape after deformation

Question 2

What is a plastic body?

Answer 2

A material that does not return to its orginal state after deformation

Question 3

Examples of elastic body materials

Answer 3

rubber band, spring

Question 4

Examples of inelastic materials

Answer 4

clay,steel, human bone

Question 5

How can material elasticity be defined?

Answer 5

material elasticity can be defined in terms of stress-strain property

Question 6

Stress

Answer 6

the force on a material divided by the area
F/A= σ

Question 7

Strain

Answer 7

the definition of how much a material has been stretched or compressed (/\L) when compared to its original length
ε = /\L / L

Question 8

Youngs modulus

Answer 8

is a property of a material
E = stress / strain

Question 9

Elastic limit

Answer 9

materials yield or become irreversibly altered if they are deformed beyond a critical yield strain

Question 10

Yield stress

Answer 10

this irreversible change that occurs at a specific stress

Question 11

further strain of the material then the amount it can is

Answer 11

plastic deformation

Question 12

failure stress (max stress)

Answer 12

maximum stress that material can endure without failing

Question 13

If there is a higher young’s modulus is the material stiffer or more flexible?

Answer 13

a stiffer material

Question 14

area under the curve of a stress vs strain curve

Answer 14

energy storage

Question 15

Will a complaint material or brittle material store more energy at a given stress?

Answer 15

a compliant material

Question 16

The lower the youngs modulus equals a ______ energy storage

Answer 16

higher

Question 17

Elastic strain energy equations

Answer 17

Uo = 1/2σε = 1/2 E ε^2

Question 18

Orthopedic prosthetics

Answer 18

• functionally sufficient
  -design unique to each individual
  -comfortable,aesthtically pleasing
  -convient
  -simple in attachment

Question 19

What is more important when it comes to orthopedic prosthetics, looks or fucntion?

Answer 19

Function is more important

Question 20

Neural prosthetics

Answer 20

devices implanted in the body that stimulate the function of an organ or organ system that has since failed due to disease or injury

Question 21

Internally powered neural prosthetics

Answer 21

electrical signals sent via electrodes from an external source

Question 22

Externally powered neural prosthetics

Answer 22

functional electrical stimulation to restore “sensory or motor function”
Stimulations should exceed a threshold to cause tentanization (smooth motion contraction of muscle)

Question 23

Myoelectrical prothesis

Answer 23

Using your existing muscles in your residal limb to control its functions

Question 24

How does myoelectrical prothesis work?

Answer 24

One or more sensors are placed into the prosethic socket to recover electrival signals when you engage specific muscles in your residal limb

Question 25

Functions of neural prothestics

Answer 25

hearing, seeling, feeling abilities, pain relief and restoring damaged brain cells

Question 26

Types of sensory implants

Answer 26

visual, spinal cord stimulator, auditory

Question 27

cochlear implant

Answer 27

has 2 components 1 is worn behind the ear- it is the sound processor, contains microphones, digital signal processor + coil that transmits signals
other compont is the actual implant has a coil to retrieve signals, electronics, electrodes placed into the cochlea to stimulate the nerves to hear