Bone

Question 1

hemopoiesis

Answer 1

blood cell production in red bone marrow

Question 2

long bones

Answer 2

longer than they are wide

Question 3

short bones

Answer 3

roughly equal in length and width

Question 4

flat bones

Answer 4

broad and thin

Question 5

irregular bone

Answer 5

don’t fit into any of the 3 categories

Question 6

diaphysis

Answer 6

shaft, most central portion

Question 7

epiphysis

Answer 7

each long bone has 2, end of the bones

Question 8

metaphysis

Answer 8

between epiphysis and diaphysis on each end of the bone

Question 9

articular cartilage

Answer 9

where bones come together, ends of the bones are covered

Question 10

medullary cavity

Answer 10

space in the bone (diaphysis) for blood vessels, nerves, and marrow

Question 11

spongy bone

Answer 11

not solid all the way through

Question 12

endosteum

Answer 12

internal membrane lining the internal surfaces of the bone

Question 13

periosteum

Answer 13

external surface of the bone, covers external surface of bone except for where cartilage is protecting the bone

Question 14

osteoprogenitor cells

Answer 14

cells that haven’t become bone cells but they will

Question 15

osteoblasts

Answer 15

secrete osteoid, forming bone matrix

Question 16

osteocytes

Answer 16

osteoblast cells that have become trapped in the bone (spider looking object trapped in the bone)

Question 17

osteoclasts

Answer 17

dissolve/breakdown bone

Question 18

trabeculae

Answer 18

pieces of bone that make up spongy bone

Question 19

osteon

Answer 19

basic unit of compact bone
cylindrical structures
parallel to diaphysis

Question 20

central canal

Answer 20

core of the osteon that is open

Question 21

concentric lamellae

Answer 21

layers on the outside of osteons

Question 22

canaliculi

Answer 22

spaces in the bone where osteocytes can communicate with each other

Question 23

perforating canals

Answer 23

perpendicular / at right angles to the central canals

Question 24

spongy bone

Answer 24

lack osteons
still have osteocytes

Question 25

ossification

Answer 25

formation of bone CT

Question 26

intramembranous ossification

Answer 26

produces flat bones of the skull, some facial bones, mandible, and central portion of clavicle
develop from mesenchyme membrane

Question 27

endochondral ossification

Answer 27

formation of most bones of skeleton
fetal hyaline cartilage model develops, cartilage calcifies, and perioseal bone collar forms, primary ossification center forms in the diaphysis, secondary ossification centers form in epiphyses, bone replaces cartilage except the articular cartilage and epiphseal plates, epiphyseal plates ossify and form epiphyseal lines

Question 28

long bones growth in length?

Answer 28

interstitial growth

Question 29

growth in bones diameter?

Answer 29

appositional growth

Question 30

simple fracture

Answer 30

broken but hasn’t pierced the skin

Question 31

compound fracture

Answer 31

bone breaks and pierces the skin

Question 32

comminuted

Answer 32

bone is shattered or breaks into small pieces

Question 33

compression

Answer 33

bone is crushed

Question 34

spiral

Answer 34

excessive twisting at an angle around the bone

Question 35

epiphyseal

Answer 35

epiphysis separates from diaphysis

Question 36

depressed

Answer 36

portion of the bone is pressed inward

Question 37

greenstick

Answer 37

buckle, bone buckles but doesn’t break

Question 38

stress fractures

Answer 38

overuse/long term wear and tear

Question 39

fracture repair

Answer 39

healing takes a few months or more and occurs in a series of steps
hematoma
soft callus
hard callus
osteoclasts breakdown excess bone that is formed form the callus