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Health and Wellness > Body Temperature, Pulse Rate, and Heart Rate > Flashcards

Body Temperature, Pulse Rate, and Heart Rate Flashcards

1
Q

Cardinal signs that provide quantitative measures of the status of the cardiovascular and pulmonary system

A

Vital Signs

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2
Q

Indication of degree of heat within the body

A

Body Temperature

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3
Q

A palpable wave of blood is produced in the walls of the arteries with each heartbeat.

A

Pulse

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4
Q

The act of breathing

A

Respiration

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5
Q

It refers to the force the blood exerts against a
vessel wall.

A

Blood Pressure

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6
Q

Subjective perception of noxious stimuli.

A

Pain

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7
Q

Absence of oxygen in the tissues

A

Anoxia

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8
Q

The pulse that is found when a stethoscope is placed on the chest wall over the apex of the heart; also may be found by palpation.

A

Apical Pulse

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9
Q

The absence of breathing

A

Apnea

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10
Q

Variation from the normal rhythm

A

Arrhythmia

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11
Q

Listening for sounds produced within the body by using the unaided ear or a stethoscope.

A

Auscultation

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12
Q

A slow heartbeat (i.e., pulse rate less than 60
beats/min); may be a normal finding in a well-conditioned person or an abnormal finding

A

Bradycardia

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13
Q

The amount of blood that is pumped from the
heart during each contraction.

A

Cardiac Output

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14
Q

Profuse perspiration.

A

Diaphoresis

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15
Q

The period when the least amount of pressure is exerted on the walls or the arteries during the heartbeat; usually indicates the resting phase of the heart.

A

Diastole

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16
Q

Labored or difficult breathing

A

Dyspnea

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17
Q

Sounds are heard during auscultatory determination of blood pressure.

A

Korotkoff’s Sounds

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18
Q

It is believed to be produced by the vibratory motion of the arterial wall as the artery suddenly distends when compressed by a pneumatic blood pressure cuff; the origin of the the sound may be within the blood passing through the vessel or within the wall itself

A

Korotkoff’s Sounds

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19
Q

Indicators of physiologic status and the body’s response to physical activity, environmental conditions and emotional stressors.

A

Vital Signs

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20
Q

Factors affecting vitals signs:

A
  1. Lifestyle pattern
  2. Patient Characteristics
  3. Other Variables
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21
Q

Modifiable (diet, stress, activity, vices, medications) that affects vital signs.

A

Lifestyle Pattern

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22
Q

Non-modifiable (age, gender, family history, hormonal status) that affects vital signs

A

Patient Characteristics

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23
Q

Give other variables that affect vital signs/

A
  1. Pain
  2. Time of the day
  3. General Health Status
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24
Q
  • Represents a balance between heat produced and
    lost
  • Relatively constant
A

Body Temperature

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25
Q

The average temperature of the human body

A

37 degrees Celcius +_ 1 degrees celsius or 98.6 Fahrenheit +_ 1.8 Farenheit

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26
Q

Average Oral Temperature

A

36 to 37.3 Degrees Celcius

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27
Q

Average Rectal Temperature

A

36.6 to 38.1 Degrees Celcius (0.3 to 0.5 higher)

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28
Q

Average Axillary Temperature

A

36.5 degrees Celcius (0.6 lower)

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29
Q

Pyrexic Temperature

A

38 degrees celcius and higher

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30
Q

Hyperpyrexic Temperature

A

41.1 degrees celcius

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31
Q

Equipment in getting temperature

A
  • Clinical glass thermometer or oral electronic
    thermometer
  • Chemical thermometer
  • Ear canal thermometer
  • Temporal scanner
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32
Q

ABNORMALITIES IN BODY TEMPERATURE

A
  1. Pyrexia
  2. Hyperpyrexia
  3. Pyrogens
  4. Signs and Symptoms of Fever
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33
Q

elevated body temperature

A

Pyrexia

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34
Q

pyrogens (fever producing substances)

A

Hyperpyrexia

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35
Q

Pyrogens came from _______ that leads to what?

A
  1. Toxic Bacteria
  2. Fever
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36
Q

Increased pulse, respiratory rate, chills, malaise, chills, sweating, disorientation, confusion, convulsions, coma

A

Signs and Symptoms of Fever

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37
Q

STAGES OF FEVER

A
  1. Prodromal Phase
  2. Invasion or onset
  3. Stationary
  4. Defervescence
  5. Crisis
  6. Lysis
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38
Q

Prior to temperature elevation

A

Prodromal Phase

38
Q

Gradual or sudden rise until maximum temperature reached

A

Invasion or onset

39
Q

Point of highest elevation reached and sustained

A

Stationary ( fastigium or stadium course)

40
Q

Fever subsides

A

Defervescence (termination or resolution)

41
Q

Sudden drop in temperature

42
Q

A gradual drop in temperature ( sweating is
initiated )

43
Q

Common Types of Fever

A
  1. Continuous
  2. Intermittent
  3. Relapsing
  4. Remittent
44
Q

Also known as constant or sustained. Body temperature is constantly elevated above normal throughout day but does not fluctuate by more than 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit in 24 hours.

A

Continuous Fever

45
Q

This type of fever is seen in uncomplicated minor infection, UTI, lobar pneumonia, typhoid, infective endocarditis, and thypus.

A

Continuous Fever

46
Q

The body temperature alternates between periods of fever for some hours of the day with return to normal temperature for the remaining hours.

A

Intermittent Fever

47
Q

This type of fever is seen in malaria and septicemia.

A

Intermittent

48
Q

This is also known as recurrent or periodic fever. Periods of fever are interspersed with normal temperature; each last at least one day.

A

Relapsing Fever

49
Q

This type of fever is seen in non-infectious inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Chron’s disease.

A

Relapsing Fever

50
Q

Elevated body temperature throughout the the day fluctuates more than 3.6F (2C) within 24 hours but never returns to normal.

A

Remittent Fever

51
Q

This type of fever is seen in infective endocarditis and typhoid infection.

A

Remittent Fever

52
Q

Result of exposure to extreme cold temperature

A

Hypothermia

53
Q

Prolonged exposure to cold leads to a decrease in metabolic
rate and body temperature → heat regulatory
and protection mechanism is lost

A

Hypothermia

54
Q

DEPRESSION OF THERMOREGUALTORY CENTER (brain cooling)

A

Hypothermia

55
Q

IMPAIRED FUNCTION OF THERMOREGULATORY CENTER of Hypothermia

A

34.4 degrees celcius

56
Q

NO FUNCTION OF THE THERMOREGULATORY CENTER of Hypothermia

A

29.4 degrees celcius

57
Q

Symptoms of hypothermia:

A
  • Decreased pulse
  • Decreased respiratory rate
  • Cold and pale skin
  • Cyanosis
  • Decreased cutaneous sensation
  • Drowsiness → coma
  • Depression of mental and muscular responses
    (5D2C)
58
Q

Low-Pitch Auscultation

59
Q

High-Pitch Auscultation

60
Q

5 Areas for Listening to the Heart

A
  1. Aortic
  2. Pulmonary
  3. Erb’s Point
  4. Tricuspid
  5. Mitral
61
Q

Auscultation and Palpation for Aortic

A

2(R) ICS and 3 (L) ICS

62
Q

Auscultation and Palpation for Pulmonic

A

2 (L) ICS and 3 (L) CC

63
Q

Auscultation and Palpation for Mitral

A

5 L ICS and 4 L CC

64
Q

Auscultation and Palpation for Tricuspid

A

4 L ICS and 4 R ICS

65
Q

Lub, closure of AV valves

66
Q

Dub, closure of SL Valves

67
Q

Occurs soon after S2

68
Q

Occurs just before S1

69
Q

Abnormally Slow Pulse Rate (less than 60 bpm)

A

Bradycardia

70
Q

Abnormally fast pulse rate (Greater than 100 bpm)

A

Tachycardia

71
Q

The sensation of rapid or irregular pulse without actually palpating a pulse

A

Palpitation

72
Q
  • Indirect measure of contraction of the left ventricle of the heart
  • Rate of heart beat, movement of blood in the body
  • Can be palpated at various sites: ( Peripheral pulses)
73
Q

Pulse Location

A
  1. Temporal
  2. Carotid
  3. Brachial
  4. Radial
  5. Femoral
  6. Popliteal
  7. Dorsal Pedal
  8. Posterior Tibial
74
Q
  1. Auscultated at apex of the heart ( 3.5 inches left of sternum, 5th ICS ) with stethoscope
    • Measured in beats per minute (bpm)
A

Apical Pulse

75
Q

Pattern of pulsation and intervals in between

A

Pulse Rhythm

76
Q

Normal Rhythm of Pulse

A

Regular with equal time intervals

77
Q

Irregular Rhythm of Pulse

A

Arrhythmia or Dysrhythmia (Premature, late, missed)

78
Q

Kind of rhythm that is associated with conduction
abnormalities

A

Irregular Rhythm

79
Q

Factors affecting pulse

A
  1. Exercise
  2. Games
  3. Age
  4. Medications
  5. Environmental Temperature
  6. Stress/Emotions
80
Q

Indications for Pulse Sites:
Infants, inaccessible radial pulse

A

Temporal Pulse

81
Q

Indications for Pulse Sites:
Monitor Cranial Circulation, Shock or Cardiac Arrest

A

Carotid Pulse

82
Q

Indications for Pulse Sites:
Monitor Blood Pressure

A

Brachial Pulse

83
Q

Indications for Pulse Sites:
Most common site

A

Radial Pulse

84
Q

Indications for Pulse Sites:
Monitor lower extremity circulation

A

Femoral Pulse

85
Q

Indications for Pulse Sites:
LE circulation

A

Popliteal Pulse

86
Q

Indications for Pulse Sites:
Monitor circulation to feet. A weak or absent pulse indicates arterial disease.

A

Pedal Pulse

87
Q

Numerical Scale for Grading Pulse Quality (Strengh)

A

Grade 0- Absent
Grade 1+- Thready
Grade 2+- Weak
Grade 3+- Normal
Grade 4+- Bounding

88
Q

What grade when there is no perceptible pulse even with maximum pressure?

89
Q

What grade, when there is barely perceptible, easily obliterated with slight pressure, fades in and out?

90
Q

What grade, when it is difficult to palpate; slightly stronger than thread.

91
Q

What grade, when it is easy to palpate and requires moderate pressure to obliterate?

92
Q

What grade, when it is a very strong pulse, hyperactive, and is not obliterated with moderate pressure?

Health and Wellness (13 decks)

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