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CNA Terms > Body Structure and function > Flashcards

Body Structure and function Flashcards

1
Q

The basic unit of body structure is the

A

cell.

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2
Q

cell membrane is the

A

outer covering it encloses the cell and helps it hold its shape.

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3
Q

nucleus is

A

the control center of the cell.

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4
Q

cytoplasm

A

surrounds the nucleus.

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5
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Covers internal and external body surfaces.

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6
Q

Connective tissue

A

anchors, connects, and supports other tissues.

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7
Q

Groups of cells with similar functions combine to form

A

tissues.

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8
Q

Muscle tissue

A

stretches and contracts to let the body move.

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9
Q

Nerve tissue

A

receives and carries impulses to the brain and back to body parts

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10
Q

Groups of tissues with the same function form .

A

organs

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11
Q

Systems are formed by

A

organs that work together to perform special functions.

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12
Q

integumentary system

A

The skin

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13
Q

The largest system is the

A

integumentary system

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14
Q

epidermis

A

The outer layer of the skin

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15
Q

Dermis

A

The Inner layer of the skin

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16
Q

The musculoskeletal system provides

A

the framework for the body.

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17
Q

Long bones

A

bear the body’s weight

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18
Q

Short bones

A

allow skill and ease in movement

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19
Q

Flat bones

A

protect the organs

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20
Q

Irregular bones

A

allow various degrees of movement and flexibility.

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21
Q

Bone marrow forms

A

blood cells.

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22
Q

A joint is

A

the point at which two or more bones meet.

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23
Q

Ball-and-socket joint

A

allows movement in all directions.

24
Q

Hinge joint

A

allows movement in one direction.

25
Q

Pivot joint

A

allows turning from side to side.

26
Q

Voluntary muscles

A

can be consciously controlled.

27
Q

Involuntary muscles

A

work automatically.

28
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

is in the heart, it is an involuntary muscle.

29
Q

The three functions of muscles

A

■Movement of body parts
■Maintenance of posture or muscle tone
■Production of body heat

30
Q

Sphincters

A

■Circular bands of muscle fibers

■Constrict (narrow) a passage

31
Q

What is the term for a device used to take the place of a missing body part?

A

Prosthesis

32
Q

Exercises that can help maintain the movement of joints are called…

A

Range of motion

33
Q

nervous system

A

controls, directs, and coordinates body functions.

34
Q

central nervous system (CNS)

A

consists of the brain and spinal cord.

35
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

involves the nerves throughout the body.

36
Q

CNS

A

Central Nervous System

37
Q

The three main parts of the brain

A

■Cerebrum
■Cerebellum
■Brainstem

38
Q

The spinal cord lies

A

within the spinal column.

39
Q

The brain and spinal cord are covered and protected by

A

three layers of connective tissue called meninges.

40
Q

The peripheral nervous system has

A

12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

41
Q

Cranial nerves conduct…

A

impulses between the brain and the head, neck, chest, and abdomen.

42
Q

Spinal nerves carry…

A

impulses from the skin, extremities, and the internal structures not supplied by cranial nerves.

43
Q

The five senses are

A

sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch.

44
Q

How many layers does the eye have?

A

Three

45
Q

Receptors for vision are in the

A

eyes

46
Q

The sclera is the

A

Eye’s outer layer

47
Q

The choroid is the

A

Eye’s second layer.

48
Q

The retina is the

A

Eye’s inner layer.

49
Q

The ear functions in

A

hearing and balance.

50
Q

The external ear is called

A

the pinna or auricle.

51
Q

What does the eardrum do?

A

Separates the external and middle ear.

52
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

eardrum

53
Q

The middle ear contains

A

the eustachian tube and three small bones called ossicles.

54
Q

The ossicles are the

A

malleus, the incus, and the stapes

55
Q

The inner ear consists of

A

the semicircular canals and the cochlea.

CNA Terms (41 decks)

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