Basic Emergency Flashcards
EMS
Emergency Medical Services
First aid
emergency care given to an ill or injured person before medical help arrives.
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA)
AKA cardiac arrest is when the heart stops suddenly and without warning.
Respiratory arrest
when breathing stops but heart action continues for several minutes.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
must be started at once when a person has SCA.
four parts of CPR
- Chest compressions
- Airway
- Breathing
- Defibrillation
The recovery position is used when
the person is breathing and has a pulse but is not responding.
SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome is the sudden, unexplained death of an infant younger than 1 year old.
Cardiac arrest caused by heart disease is
rare in children.
Foreign bodies can obstruct the airway this is called…
choking or foreign-body airway obstruction (FBAO)
poison
any substance harmful to the body when ingested, inhaled, injected, or absorbed through the skin.
What is the procedure for swallowed poison?
Do not have the person try to vomit or give the person anything to cause vomiting. Do not give the person anything to eat or drink unless told to do so by the Poison Control Center.
Hemorrhage
the excessive loss of blood in a short time.
Internal hemorrhage.
is inside body tissues and body cavities.
External bleeding
If not hidden by clothing, external bleeding is usually seen.
Fainting
The sudden loss of consciousness from an inadequate blood supply to the brain.
Shock results
when tissues and organs do not get enough blood.
Anaphylaxis is a
life-threatening sensitivity to an antigen.
antigen
a substance that the body reacts to
Anaphylaxis can occur within
seconds
What is a sign of shock?
Cold, moist, and pale skin
Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) occurs when
the brain is suddenly deprived of its blood supply.
A stroke may be caused by:
- A thrombus
- An embolus
- Hemorrhage if a blood vessel in the brain ruptures
Seizures (convulsions)
violent and sudden contractions or tremors of muscle groups
Epilepsy
a brain disorder in which clusters of nerve cells sometimes signal abnormally.
The major types of seizures are:
- Partial seizure
- Generalized tonic-clonic seizure (grand mal seizure), which has two phases-In the tonic phase, the person loses consciousness.-The clonic phase follows.-Muscle groups contract and relax.
- Generalized absence (petit mal) seizure, which usually lasts a few seconds
-The two phases of a Generalized tonic-clonic seizure (grand mal seizure
- In the tonic phase, the person loses consciousness.
- The clonic phase follows, muscle groups contract and relax.
Concussion is the
most common brain injury.
A concussion results from
a bump or blow to the head or jolt to the head or body.
Superficial burns (first degree)
-Involve the epidermis only.
Partial-thickness burns (second degree)
-Involve the epidermis and part of the dermis
Full-thickness burns (third degree)
-Involve the entire epidermis and dermis.-
What is the CNA’s responsibility after calling a Code Blue?
Be available for any necessary tasks.
Another term for convulsion is:
Seizure
What is the FIRST thing a nurse aide should do when finding an unresponsive client?
Call for help
