Body Composition Flashcards
Body composition focuses on techniques to measure…
- body fat
- lean body mass
- fat free mass
Direct body composition:
- chemical analysis
- cadaver analysis
Indirect body composition:
- hydrostatic weighing
- skinfolds
- BIA
- etc.
Body composition is the separation of ____ ____ into _____ _____.
- bodily tissues
- quantifiable compartments
____ compartment model is most common.
2
2 compartment model divides body into:
- fat vs FFM (essential
- fat removed) or lean body mass (includes essential fat)
Nonessential fat is….
adipose tissue
Essential fat is….
intra organ/muscle/other tissues
FFM and LBM includes…
- muscle
- bone
- organs
- etc.
Fat has a density of _____g/ml.
0.900 g/ml
FFM has a density of ______ g/ml.
1.100 g/ml
Why can there be error with 2 compartment model?
assuming fat and FFM density
Multiple compartment models:
models that account for more than 2 body compartments
The greater number of body compartments accounted for, the greater the…
reduction of error
Example of multiple compartment model:
- Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA)
- 3 compartments: fat, soft tissue, bone
- the measurement of bone density significantly reduces the error associated with amount of variation in bone density among individuals (aging)
Hydrostatic weighing is based on _____ ____.
Archimedes’ Principle
Archimedes’ Principle:
- any object immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
- not to be confused with the volume of fluid displaced by an object
For hydrostatic weighing, we must know….
- residual volume
- density of water
- trapped gas (GI)
- dry body weight
- submerged body weight
Residual volume is calculated based on…
- height
- age
- sex
Density of water varies with _____.
temperature
Trapped gas (GI) is approximated to be ____ mL.
100 mL
Dry body weight is with…
- minimal clothing
- minimal trapped air
Submerged body weight is with…
- same clothes
- minimal trapped air
Minimum equipment required for hydrostatic or underwater weighing technique:
- body of water
- accurate hanging scale
- thermometer
- water density table/calculator
- may need weights to assist with submersion
- body density (BD) calculation