BLS CPR Lecture

Question 1

Chain of survival - in Hospital

Answer 1

1 - early recognition with patient monitoring

Question 2

Chain of survival - out of hospital

Answer 2

1. Immediate recognition and activation the response system
2. High quality CPR
3. AED
4. • advanced resuscitation
5. Post-cardiac arrest care after ROSC (return of spontaneous circulation)
6. Recovery (physical, emotional support)

Question 3

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer 3

Heart’s electrical signals become disorganized and ineffective

Question 4

Agonal gasps

Answer 4

Ineffective gasps. Common in first few minutes of cardiac arrest

Question 5

Pulse check

Answer 5

Feel for groove to side of trachea

Question 6

Pulse and breathing check time

Answer 6

at least 5 but not more than 10 seconds

Question 7

C-A-B sequence

Answer 7

Compressions, Airway, Breathing

Question 8

Interruptions in compressions should be limited to ___ seconds or less

Answer 8

10
This is because it takes several compressions to re-build pressure/circulation

Question 9

hand placement

Answer 9

First hand center of chest, lower portion of breastbone. Second hand on top

Question 10

Compression rate

Answer 10

100-120 compressions per minute
110 is ideal

Question 11

Compression depth

Answer 11

2”

Question 12

Pocket Mask Use

Answer 12

Use bridge of nose to locate mask. Position hands: index finger and thumb of hand along edge of mask, thumb of other hand on lower edge, fingers under chin, use head-tilt, chin-lift.
Breaths should be delivered over 1 second each. Pause 1 second between breaths
Watch for chest rise

Question 13

4 steps of AED operation

Answer 13

1. Power on the AED
2. Attach pads to victim’s bare chest
3. Analyze (follow prompts)
4. Shock

Question 14

Use adult pads on anyone __ yrs old or older

Answer 14

8

Question 15

C - E hand placement

Answer 15

C with thumb and index finger around stem of mask, E with remaining 3 fingers around bony part of chin, use to lift the chin

Question 16

Critical points of delivering breaths

Answer 16

30:2 ratio
Breath over 1 second
Just enough volume for chest rise

Question 17

2-person bag-mask device use

Answer 17

first rescuer holds mask onto patient’s face with two hands, and lifts chin. Second rescuer squeezes bag

Question 18

2 person CPR - 1st rescuer

Answer 18

Starts off as one-rescuer scenario. Does compressions and breaths initially

Question 19

2 person CPR - 2nd rescuer

Answer 19

Gets AED, takes over ventilations, maintains airway

Question 20

Initial breath concentration

Answer 20

21% oxygen

Question 21

Rescue Breath Oxygen

Answer 21

17% oxygen

Question 22

During rescue Breathing, how often should you check for pulse

Answer 22

every 2 minutes

Question 23

Compression to breath ratio for an advanced airway

Answer 23

continual compressions
1 breath every 6 seconds

Question 24

Opioid Emergency

Answer 24

Naloxone - do not delay breaths or compressions to administer Naloxone
Follow protocols

Question 25

CPR on a pregnant woman

Answer 25

If there is an additional person, manually displace the

Question 26

6 possible team roles for recessutation

Answer 26

Team Leader
Compressor - assesses victim, gives compressions. Swap every 5 cycles
Airway - maintains open airway, avoids excessive ventilation
Monitor/defibrillator, CPR coach -
Team Leader - assigns roles, makes treatment decisions
Timer/recorder - time of shock delivery, med. administration, interruptions

Question 27

CCF

Answer 27

Chest Compression Fraction
The goal is to improve chest compression fraction

Question 28

Transitions

Answer 28

Second compressor comes in from behind the first.

Question 29

Pediatric Chains of Survival

Question 30

BLS for children vs Adults

Answer 30

Anyone 1 to puberty is a child
puberty is chest or underarm hair on boys, and breast development on girls
One or two hands is acceptable, whatever provides effective compressions
Depth: 1/3 of the chest depth
Compression ratio is always 30:2 for 1-person, but for two-person, for a child, ratio changes to 15:2
If arrest was not witnessed, provide 5 cycles CPR before
Must provide breaths

Question 31

Infant CPR

Answer 31

Do Not press bottom of breastbone
Can use 2 fingers and press down, or encircle and use two thumbs
100-120

Question 32

Abdominal Thrusts

Answer 32

Hand placement: just

Question 33

Infant choking

Answer 33

Back slaps (up to 5) then two finger chest thrusts, about 1 per second
support infant on forearm, support head to flip.
For CPR:
Compression ratio 15:2 with 2 rescuers, 30:2 with one rescuer

Question 34

Infant CPR - bag mask device

Answer 34

1. use correct size mask
2. Chest Rise is most observable sign of effective breaths
   Do not tilt or extend infant’s head beyond neutral position.
   Provide only enough air for chest rise

Question 35

Infant CPR - AED

Answer 35

Infant and children under 8
Use child pads if available
Never use child pads on an adult
Child pads - follow pictures. Some recommend one on chest, one on back.
Manual difibrulation is preferred for infants.
If a non-child AED is all that’s available, use it. Make sure pads don’t touch.

Question 36

How much to tilt heads for head-tilt chin lift

Answer 36

Adult - chin to sky
Child - mouth to sky
Infant - nose to sky