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Anatomy > Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

5 types of blood vessels

A 
Artery
Arterioles
Venules
Veins
Capillaries
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2
Q

Angiogenesis

A

Growth of new blood vessels

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3
Q

3 layers of blood vessel walls

A

Tunica Interna
Tunica Media
Tunica Externa

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4
Q

Tunica Interna

A

Inner lining of blood vessel that has direct contact with blood

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5
Q

3 layers of tunica interna

A

Endothelium
Basement Membrane
Internal elastic lamina

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6
Q

Tunica Media

A

Vascular smooth tissue wrapped around vessel allows it to change in diameter in response to stimuli

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7
Q

External elastic lamina

A

Boundary between tunica media and tunica externa

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8
Q

Vasocontriction

A

Decrease in diameter of vessel lumen

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9
Q

Vasodilation

A

Increase in diameter of lumen of vessel

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10
Q

Tunica Externa

A

Outer layer of vessel is a covering of elastic and collagen fibers

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11
Q

Vasa Vasorum

A

Small vessels on tunica externa that supply tissueof vessel wall

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12
Q

Elastic Arteries

A

Largest arteries in the body with the biggest diameter

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13
Q

Elastic Lamellae

A

In elastic arteries. Well defined internal and external elastic laminae with tunica media dominated by elastic fibers

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14
Q

Function of elastic arteries

A

Propel blood forward when ventricles are relaxed

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15
Q

Pressure Resevoir

A

Elastic fibers momentarily have potential energy when they stretch, transfer to kinetic when they recoil

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16
Q

Conducting Arteries

A

Elastic arteries

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17
Q

Muscular Arteries

A

Medium sized arteries capable of greater vasoconstriction/ dilation

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18
Q

Which vessels have a well defined internal elastic lamina?

A

Muscular arteries

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19
Q

Distributing Arteries

A

Muscular arteries

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20
Q

Vascular Tone

A

Ability of muscle to contract and maintain partial state of contraction which is important for maintaining pressure and blood flow

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21
Q

Anastosomes

A

Connections between arteries provide collateral circulation

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22
Q

Diameter range of arterioles

A

15- 30 micrometers

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23
Q

Arterioles

A

Tunica media has one or two layers of circular oriented smooth muscle cells

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24
Q

Metarteriole

A

Terminal end of arteriole tapers into capillary

25
Q

Precapillary Sphincter

A

Metarteriole- capillary junction that controls blood flow. Doesnt actually exist

26
Q

Resistance Vessels

A

Arterioles

27
Q

Capillary

A

Single layer of vascular endothelium attached to a basement membrane

28
Q

Diameter of capillaries?

A

5- 10 micrometers

29
Q

Continuous capillaries

A

Plasma membranes of endothelial cells form a continous tube with tight junctions in between cells

30
Q

Fenestrated Capillary

A

Pores in endothelium

31
Q

Sinusoidal Capillary

A

Large intercellular cleft allow passage pf large proteins and cells into bloodstream

32
Q

Venules

A

Drain capillary blood and return it towards heart

33
Q

Postcapillary Venules

A

Move away from capillaries and increase in size

34
Q

Muscular Venules

A

Thicker walls so exchanges can no longer occur

35
Q

Veins

A

Larger diameter than arteries. Subcutaneous

36
Q

Valves

A

Folds of tunica interna form flap like cusps. In veins

37
Q

Vascular Sinus

A

Vein with thin endothelial walls has no smooth muscle to alter diameter

38
Q

Anastomotic Veins

A

Veins paired with muscular arteries

39
Q

Superficial Veins

A

Run through subcutaneous layer unaccompanied by arteries

40
Q

Deep Veins

A

Small connections with superficial veins. Run below fascia in between skeletal muscles

41
Q

Varicose Veins

A

Leaky valves cause blood to get held in veins by gravity

42
Q

2 circulatory routes

A

Pulmonary

Systemic

43
Q

Part of aorta that exits left ventricle

A

Ascending aorta

44
Q

3 parts of arch of aorta

A

Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common cartoid artery
Left subclavian artery

45
Q

Which side is the brachiocephalic trunk on?

A

Right

46
Q

Sublavian

A

Upper limb. Continues towrads arm. After the clavicle it becomes the axillary artery

47
Q

Common Carotid Artery

A

Side of head and neck

48
Q

Axillary Artery

A

From clavicle to outside armpit when it becomes the brachial artery

49
Q

Brachial Artery

A

From armpit until elbow where it splits into radial and ulnar arteries

50
Q

Palmar Arch

A

Branches of ulnar and radial arteries run across palm

51
Q

2 branches of the thoracic aorta

A

Parietal wraps around rib cage

Visceral supports mediastinum

52
Q

2 branches of the abdominal cavity

A

Visceral supports organs

Parietal supports muscles of abdomen and back

53
Q

What does abdominal aorta split into?

A

Right and left common iliac arteries

54
Q

Iliac artery

A

Run down each leg and turn into femoral artery after they pass the inguinal ligament

55
Q

Femoral Artery

A

Run down each leg and become popliteal artery at knee

56
Q

Popliteal artery

A

Branch into posterior and anterior tibial artery

57
Q

Posterior Tibial Artery

A

Branches into fibular artery

58
Q

Femoral Triangle

A

Inguinal ligament, pectineus, sartorius

Anatomy (9 decks)

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