Blood Vessels

Question 1

5 types of blood vessels

Answer 1

Artery
Arterioles
Venules
Veins
Capillaries

Question 2

Angiogenesis

Answer 2

Growth of new blood vessels

Question 3

3 layers of blood vessel walls

Answer 3

Tunica Interna
Tunica Media
Tunica Externa

Question 4

Tunica Interna

Answer 4

Inner lining of blood vessel that has direct contact with blood

Question 5

3 layers of tunica interna

Answer 5

Endothelium
Basement Membrane
Internal elastic lamina

Question 6

Tunica Media

Answer 6

Vascular smooth tissue wrapped around vessel allows it to change in diameter in response to stimuli

Question 7

External elastic lamina

Answer 7

Boundary between tunica media and tunica externa

Question 8

Vasocontriction

Answer 8

Decrease in diameter of vessel lumen

Question 9

Vasodilation

Answer 9

Increase in diameter of lumen of vessel

Question 10

Tunica Externa

Answer 10

Outer layer of vessel is a covering of elastic and collagen fibers

Question 11

Vasa Vasorum

Answer 11

Small vessels on tunica externa that supply tissueof vessel wall

Question 12

Elastic Arteries

Answer 12

Largest arteries in the body with the biggest diameter

Question 13

Elastic Lamellae

Answer 13

In elastic arteries. Well defined internal and external elastic laminae with tunica media dominated by elastic fibers

Question 14

Function of elastic arteries

Answer 14

Propel blood forward when ventricles are relaxed

Question 15

Pressure Resevoir

Answer 15

Elastic fibers momentarily have potential energy when they stretch, transfer to kinetic when they recoil

Question 16

Conducting Arteries

Answer 16

Elastic arteries

Question 17

Muscular Arteries

Answer 17

Medium sized arteries capable of greater vasoconstriction/ dilation

Question 18

Which vessels have a well defined internal elastic lamina?

Answer 18

Muscular arteries

Question 19

Distributing Arteries

Answer 19

Muscular arteries

Question 20

Vascular Tone

Answer 20

Ability of muscle to contract and maintain partial state of contraction which is important for maintaining pressure and blood flow

Question 21

Anastosomes

Answer 21

Connections between arteries provide collateral circulation

Question 22

Diameter range of arterioles

Answer 22

15- 30 micrometers

Question 23

Arterioles

Answer 23

Tunica media has one or two layers of circular oriented smooth muscle cells

Question 24

Metarteriole

Answer 24

Terminal end of arteriole tapers into capillary

Question 25

Precapillary Sphincter

Answer 25

Metarteriole- capillary junction that controls blood flow. Doesnt actually exist

Question 26

Resistance Vessels

Answer 26

Arterioles

Question 27

Capillary

Answer 27

Single layer of vascular endothelium attached to a basement membrane

Question 28

Diameter of capillaries?

Answer 28

5- 10 micrometers

Question 29

Continuous capillaries

Answer 29

Plasma membranes of endothelial cells form a continous tube with tight junctions in between cells

Question 30

Fenestrated Capillary

Answer 30

Pores in endothelium

Question 31

Sinusoidal Capillary

Answer 31

Large intercellular cleft allow passage pf large proteins and cells into bloodstream

Question 32

Venules

Answer 32

Drain capillary blood and return it towards heart

Question 33

Postcapillary Venules

Answer 33

Move away from capillaries and increase in size

Question 34

Muscular Venules

Answer 34

Thicker walls so exchanges can no longer occur

Question 35

Veins

Answer 35

Larger diameter than arteries. Subcutaneous

Question 36

Valves

Answer 36

Folds of tunica interna form flap like cusps. In veins

Question 37

Vascular Sinus

Answer 37

Vein with thin endothelial walls has no smooth muscle to alter diameter

Question 38

Anastomotic Veins

Answer 38

Veins paired with muscular arteries

Question 39

Superficial Veins

Answer 39

Run through subcutaneous layer unaccompanied by arteries

Question 40

Deep Veins

Answer 40

Small connections with superficial veins. Run below fascia in between skeletal muscles

Question 41

Varicose Veins

Answer 41

Leaky valves cause blood to get held in veins by gravity

Question 42

2 circulatory routes

Answer 42

Pulmonary | Systemic

Question 43

Part of aorta that exits left ventricle

Answer 43

Ascending aorta

Question 44

3 parts of arch of aorta

Answer 44

Brachiocephalic trunk Left common cartoid artery Left subclavian artery

Question 45

Which side is the brachiocephalic trunk on?

Answer 45

Right

Question 46

Sublavian

Answer 46

Upper limb. Continues towrads arm. After the clavicle it becomes the axillary artery

Question 47

Common Carotid Artery

Answer 47

Side of head and neck

Question 48

Axillary Artery

Answer 48

From clavicle to outside armpit when it becomes the brachial artery

Question 49

Brachial Artery

Answer 49

From armpit until elbow where it splits into radial and ulnar arteries

Question 50

Palmar Arch

Answer 50

Branches of ulnar and radial arteries run across palm

Question 51

2 branches of the thoracic aorta

Answer 51

Parietal wraps around rib cage | Visceral supports mediastinum

Question 52

2 branches of the abdominal cavity

Answer 52

Visceral supports organs | Parietal supports muscles of abdomen and back

Question 53

What does abdominal aorta split into?

Answer 53

Right and left common iliac arteries

Question 54

Iliac artery

Answer 54

Run down each leg and turn into femoral artery after they pass the inguinal ligament

Question 55

Femoral Artery

Answer 55

Run down each leg and become popliteal artery at knee

Question 56

Popliteal artery

Answer 56

Branch into posterior and anterior tibial artery

Question 57

Posterior Tibial Artery

Answer 57

Branches into fibular artery

Question 58

Femoral Triangle

Answer 58

Inguinal ligament, pectineus, sartorius