The pudendal canal - also called ____ canal - is an anatomical structure in the _____ through which the _____ artery, ———- veins, and the _____ nerve pass

Alcock's pelvis internal pudendal internal pudendal pudendal

Blood Supply Of Pelvis Flashcards by Iseoluwa Ojo

Testicular artery comes from ____, at __ vertebrae level.

It supplies the _____, ______ ,____.

It Traverses _____ and enters ____

aorta

Abdominal ureter; epidydymis; testes

inguinal canal; scrotum

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Ovarian artery comes from ____, at __ vertebrae level.

It supplies the _____, ______ ,____ end of ___

It crosses _____ and descends in ____ of the ____

Aorta

Abdominal/pelvic ureter, ovary, ampullae end of uterine tube

Crosses pelvic brim and descends in suspensory ligament of the ovary

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Superior rectal artery comes as _____of ____

It supplies the _____of ___

It crosses _____ and descends into ____ between layers of ____

Continuation of IMA

Superior part of rectum

left common iliac artery

pelvis

sigmoid mesocolon

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Internal iliac artery comes from ____

It supplies the _____, ______ ,____.

It passes(medially or laterally?) over _____ and descends into ____

It then divides into ______ and ___

Common iliac artery

Pelvic organs, gluteal muscles , perineum

medially

pelvic brim

pelvic cavity

divided into 2; anterior and posterior division

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Ant division of Internal iliac artery comes from ____

It supplies the _____, ______ ,____.

It passes(anteriorly or posteriorly?) along (medial or lateral?) wall of the pelvis and dividing into _____ ,____and ____

Internal iliac

Pelvic viscera, perineum, superior, medial thigh

anteriorly

lateral wall

obturator , visceral, and internal pudendal arteries

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Umbilical artery comes from ____

It supplies the _____ of ______ and ____ in some males

Ant division of internal iliac

Superior part of bladder and ductus deferens in some males

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Superior vesical artery comes from ____

It supplies the _____ of ______ and ____ in some males

Patent proximal umbilical

Superior part of bladder and ductus deferens in some males

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Obturator artery comes from ____

It supplies the _____ in ______ and ____ in females

Runs (anteroinferiorly or posterisuperiorly?) on ______fascia then exits pelvis through _____

Patent proximal umbilical

Inferior vesical artery in males and vaginal artery in females

anteroinferiorly

obturator fascia

then exits pelvis through obturator canal

obturator canal

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Inferior vesical artery comes from ____

It supplies the _____ of ______ , ___ part of ____,___ and _____ . And ____ in some cases

Runs subperitoneally in ____ ligament of bladder giving rise to _____ artery in males and sometimes _____ artery

Patent proximal umbilical artery

Inferior part of male urinary bladder
pelvic part of ureter, prostate and seminal glands.

Also ductus deferens in some case

subperitoneally

lateral ligament of bladder m

prostatic artery

artery to ductus deferens

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Artery to ductus deferens comes from ____

It supplies the _____

Runs ______ to ductus deferens

Superior or inferior vesical

Ductus deferens

subperitoneally

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Prostate branches of inferior vesical artery comes from ____

It supplies the _____ and _____

Descends on ______ aspect of prostate

inferior vesical artery

Prostate and prostatic urethra

posterolateral

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Uterine artery comes from ____

It supplies the:
_____ and its _____
____ parts of ____ and ___
_____ parts of vagina

Crosses ureter (superiorly or inferiorly ?) to reach the (medial or lateral?) aspect of uterine ___

inferior vesical

Uterus ; ligaments

medial ; uterine tube and ovary; superior parts of vagina

Superiorly; lateral; cervix

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Vaginal artery comes from ____

It supplies the:
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
(Upper or lower?)  vagina
\_\_\_\_\_ (vaginal branch) 
\_\_\_\_ of \_\_\_\_\_\_ (vesical branch)

Descends to ____ around the vagina and passing one or more branches to the _____

Uterine artery

Vestibular bulb; lower; rectum; fundus of urinary bladder

arborize; urinary bladder

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Internal pudendal artery comes from ____

It supplies Most of _____, muscle and skin of ____ triangle, ____ bodies

Exits pelvis via ____ foramen(____to piriformis ) and enters perineum through ____ foramen then passes through ____ canal to ___ triangle

Ant division of internal iliac artery

perineum

urogenital

erectile

greater sciatic ; inferior ; lesser sciatic

pudendal; UG

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The pudendal canal

also called ____ canal
is an anatomical structure in the _____ through which the _____ artery, ———- veins, and the _____ nerve pass

Alcock’s

pelvis

internal pudendal

pudendal

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Inferior gluteal artery comes from ____ or ____ branch of ______

It supplies Pelvic ____, _____ muscle ,superior _____, ____ muscle , _____ nerve

Exits pelvis via ____ foramen( _____ to piriformis )

Ant division of internal iliac or terminal branch of post division of internal iliac

diaphragm

quadratus femoris; hamstrings ; gluteus Maximus ; sciatic

greater sciatic ; inferior

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Middle rectal artery comes from ____

It supplies _____ part of rectum , _____ glands , ___/_____

Descends in pelvis to ______ part of rectum

Ant division of internal iliac

Inferior

seminal

prostate /vaginas

inferior

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Post division of internal iliac artery comes from ____

It supplies ____ wall, ___ region

Passes (anteriorly or posteriorly?) and gives rise to ____ branches

Internal iliac

Pelvic wall, gluteal region

posteriorly

parietal

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Iliolumbar artery comes from ____

It supplies _____,___,____ muscles, _____ in vertebral canal

Ascends (anterior or posterior ?) to ____ joint and posterior to ______ vessels and _____ muscle , dividing into ____ and ____ branches

Post division of internal iliac

Psoas major, iliacus, quadratus lumborum

cauda equina

Anterior ; sacro iliac

common iliac

psoas major

iliac and lumbar

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Median sacral artery

Descends close to midline over ____ ,___,___,___

L4, L5, sacrum, and coccyx

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Lateral sacral artery comes from ____

It supplies ___ muscle , structures in ______, ______ and overlying skin

Runs on antero____ aspect of _____ to send branches to _____ foramina

Post division of internal iliac

Piriformis

sacral canal

erector spinae

medial

piriformis

pelvic sacral

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Superior gluteal artery comes from ____

It supplies ____, all ____ muscles and ____ fascia

Passes between _____ and —- ramus of ____ nerve to exit pelvis through _____ foramen _____ to piriformis

Post division of internal iliac

Piriformis; 3 gluteal; tensor fascia latae

lumbosacral trunk

anterior; S1 spinal ; greater sciatic

superior

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MEDIAN SACRAL ARTERY

The median sacral artery is a (small or large?) (paired of unpaired ?) artery
usually arises from the (anterior or posterior?) surface of the _____, just _____ to its bifurcation

small

unpaired

posterior

abdominal aorta

superior

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Median sacral artery may arise from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta

T/F

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Median sacral artery -descends in or near the midline (anterior or posterior?) to the bodies of the _______ vertebrae and the ___ and ___

Anterior last one or two lumbar sacrum and coccyx.

Laparoscopy is a type of surgical procedure that allows a surgeon to access the inside of the ____ and _____ (with or without?) having to ______ in the skin. This procedure is also known as ____ surgery or ____ surgery.

abdomen pelvis Without make large incisions keyhole minimally invasive

During pelvic laparoscopic procedures, the median sacral artery provides a useful indication of the ____ on the (anterior or posterior?) wall of the pelvis.

midline posterior

Before the median sacral artery | enters the lesser pelvis, it sometimes gives rise to a pair of ___ arteries.

As it descends over the sacrum, the median sacral artery gives off (small or large ?) (parietal or visceral ?) branches that anastomose with the ______ arteries. -It also gives rise to (small or large ?) (parietal or visceral ?) branches to the (anterior or posterior?) part of the rectum, which anastomose with the ____ and ____ arteries.

small parietal (lateral sacral) lateral sacral Small visceral Posterior superior and middle rectal

The median sacral artery represents the ____ end of the embryonic dorsal aorta

caudal

OVARIAN ARTERY -The ovarian artery arises from the abdominal aorta (superior or inferior?) to the renal artery but considerably (superior or inferior?) to the inferior mesenteric artery

Inferior Superior

As it passes inferiorly, the ovarian artery adheres to the (parietal or visceral?) peritoneum and runs (anterior or posterior?) to the ureter on the (anterior or posterior?) abdominal wall, usually (giving or not giving?) branches to it.

Parietal Anterior Posterior Giving

As the ovarian artery enters the lesser pelvis, it crosses the ____ of the ____ vessels. -It then runs medially, dividing into an ___ branch and a ____ branch, which supply the ______ and _____ , respectively -These branches anastomose with the corresponding branches of the _____ artery

origin external iliac ovarian tubal ovary and uterine tube uterine

SUPERIOR RECTAL ARTERY - The superior rectal artery is the direct continuation of the _____ artery - It crosses the _____ vessels and descends in the ______ to the lesser pelvis.

inferior mesenteric left common iliac sigmoid mesocolon

At the level of the ___ vertebra, the superior rectal artery divides into two branches, which descend on each side of the ___ and supply it as far inferiorly as the _______

S3 rectum internal anal sphincter

The internal pudendal artery | -larger in which gender??

Males

The internal pudendal artery - passes (inferior or superior ?) and (medially or laterally?) , (anterior or posterior?)to the piriformis muscle and ___ plexus. - It leaves the pelvis between the ___ and _____ muscles by passing through the (inferior or superior?) part of the ____ foramen.

Inferior laterally Anterior sacral piriformis and coccygeus Inferior; greater sciatic

The internal pudendal artery then passes around the (anterior or posterior?) aspect of the ischial spine or the ____ ligament and enters the ____ fossa through the ____ foramen.

Posterior sacrospinous ischio-anal lesser sciatic

The internal pudendal artery, along with the internal pudendal veins and branches of the pudendal nerve, passes through the _____ in the (medial or lateral?) wall of the ischio-anal fossa -As it exits the canal, (medial or lateral ?) to the ischial tuberosity, the internal pudendal artery divides into its terminal branches, the ____ artery and ___arteries of the ___ or ___

pudendal canal Lateral Medial perineal dorsal ; penis ; clitoris.

Middle Rectal Artery -may arise independently from the ____ artery, or it may arise in common with the ___ artery or the _____ artery

internal iliac inferior vesical internal pudendal

Vaginal Artery - is the homolog to the ____ artery in males. - It often arises from the initial part of the ____ artery instead of arising directly from the ____ division of internal iliac artery

inferior vesical uterine anterior

The largest branch of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery is ???

Superior gluteal artery

Superior gluteal artery: | - supplies the _____ muscles in the buttocks.

gluteal

Inferior Vesical Artery -occurs consistently only in ___ -In females, it may occur with nearly equal frequency as a separate branch of the ______ artery or as a branch of the ____ artery

males internal iliac uterine

Before birth, the ____ arteries are the main continuation of the internal iliac arteries, passing along the (medial or lateral?) pelvic wall and then ascending the (anterior or posterior ?) abdominal wall to and through the _____ into the ______

umbilical Lateral Anterior umbilical ring umbilical cord

Postnatally, the patent parts of the umbilical arteries run (anterior or posterior?) (inferiorly or superiorly ?) between the _____ and the ____ wall of the pelvis.

Anterior Inferiorly urinary bladder lateral

After birth, the proximal portions of the intra‐abdominal umbilical arteries become the ____ and ___ arteries, while the distal portions are obliterated and form the _____ ligaments.

internal iliac and superior vesical medial umbilical

Obturator Artery. -The origin of the obturator artery is constant T/F

F It’s variable

Obturator Artery. - The origin of the obturator artery: - usually, it arises close to the ___ of the ____ artery, where it is crossed by the ____. - It runs (antero or postero?) -(inferiorly or superiorly ?) on the _____ on the lateral wall of the pelvis and passes between the obturator ____ and _____

origin; umbilical ; ureter Antero inferiorly obturator fascia; nerve and vein

Within the ——, the obturator artery gives off muscular branches, a _____ artery to the ____, and a ____ branch.

pelvis nutrient ilium pubic

The pubic branch of the obturator artery arises just (before or after?) the obturator artery leaves the pelvis. -It ascends on the pelvic surface of the pubis to anastomose with ____ of ____ and the pubic branch of the ______ artery, a branch of the _____ artery.

Before its fellow of the opposite side inferior epigastric; external iliac

In a common variation (___%), an aberrant or accessory obturator artery arises from the ____ artery and descends into the pelvis along the usual route of the pubic branch Surgeons performing hernia repairs must keep this common variation in mind.

20 inferior epigastric

Uterine Artery - is an additional branch of the ____ artery in females, usually arising separately and directly from the _____ artery - It may arise from the ____ artery.

internal iliac artery internal iliac umbilical

Uterine artery Developmentally, it is the homolog of the _______ in males. -It descends on the (medial or lateral?) wall of the pelvis, (anterior or posterior ?) to the ______ artery, and passes (medially or laterally ?) to reach the junction of the _____ and ______ , where the cervix (neck) of the uterus protrudes into the superior vagina -As it passes medially, the uterine artery passes directly (superior or inferior?) to the ureter.

artery to the ductus deferens lateral anterior internal iliac Medially uterus and vagina superior

The relationship of ureter to artery is often remembered by the phrase “____ (___) passes ___ the ____ (____ artery).” -However, the artery actually ___ half way or more around the descending ureter, passing both ____ and ____ to the ureter.

water urine under bridge uterine winds; superior And inferior

On reaching the side of the cervix, the uterine artery divides into a smaller descending ____ branch, which supplies the ___ and ___, and a larger ascending branch, which runs along the ___ margin of the ____, supplying it. -The ascending branch bifurcates into ____ and ____ branches, which continue to supply the (medial or lateral?) ends of the ____ and _____ and anastomose with the ovarian and tubal branches of the ____ artery.

vaginal cervix and vagina lateral; uterus ovarian and tubal Medial; ovary and uterine tube ovarian

VEINS OF PELVIS -veins surrounding the pelvic viscera join to form venous plexuses T/F

Venous plexuses within the lesser pelvis are mainly drained by tributaries of the _______veins

internal iliac

some veins of the pelvis drain into the inferior mesenteric vein of the _____ system through the _____ vein

hepatic portal superior rectal

the median sacral vein is a thing | T/F🌚

T👅

in females, the ovarian vein also contributes to the drainage of the lesser pelvis T/F

internal iliac veins lie (antero or postero?) (inferior or superior?) to internal iliac arteries and drain the ____ organs, ___ muscles and _____

Posteroinferior pelvic gluteal Perineum

iliolumbar veins drain into _____ veins

common iliac

superior gluteal veins drain the areas supplied by the _____ arteries

superior gluteal

lateral sacral veins anastomose with the _____ venous plexus, serving as a conduit to the ____

internal vertebral vena cava

The various plexuses within the lesser pelvis (___,___,____,___,___) unite and are drained mainly by tributaries of the _____ veins, but some of them drain through the ____ vein into the ____ vein of the hepatic portal system or through _____ veins into the internal vertebral venous plexus

rectal,vesical, prostatic, uterine, and vaginal internal iliac superior rectal inferior mesenteric lateral sacral

Additional relatively minor paths of venous drainage from the lesser pelvis include the (parietal or visceral?) _____ vein and, in females, the ____ veins.

Parietal median sacral ovarian

The pelvis is innervated mainly by _____ and _____ spinal nerves; and the ____ part of the _____ system

sacral and coccygeal pelvic; autonomous nervous

Sacral plexus is located on the _____ wall of the ___ pelvis

posterolateral lesser

Main nerves of sacral plexus are _____ and _____ nerves

sciatic and pudendal

______ nerve is the main nerve of the perineum

Pudendal

COCCYGEAL PLEXUS Formed by •(Anterior or posterior ?) rami of ___ and ___ •_____ nerve Supplies _____,_____ and _____ joint

Anterior S4 and S5 Coccygeal coccygeus levator ani sacrococcygeal

Anococcygeal nerves arising from the coccygeal plexus supply a (small or large?) area of ____ between ___ and _____

Small Skin coccyx and anus

Say their origin root ``` Sciatic nerve Superior gluteal Inferior gluteal Pudendal nerve Nerve to piriformis Nerve to quadratus femoris Nerve to obturator internus ```

L4 ,5 S1 ,2,3 L4,5, S1 L5,S1,2 S2,3,4 S1,2 L4,5, S1 L5,S1,2

Autonomic nerves enter the pelvis via four routes _____ trunks _______ plexuses ______ plexuses ______ nerves

Sacral sympathetic Peri-arterial Hypogastric Pelvic splanchnic

Function of Peri-arterial plexuses and pelvic splanchnic nerves Innervation to ____,____ and ____ arteries along with their branches

superior rectal internal iliac ovarian

The hypogastric/pelvic system of plexuses, receiving sympathetic fibers via ______ nerves and parasympathetic fibers via _____ nerves, innervate the pelvic viscera.

lumbar splanchnic pelvic splanchnic

Parasympathetic fibres within the pelvis stimulate the ___ of the bladder and rectum for urination and defecation respectively

contraction

To relieve perineal pain during childbirth, ____ nerve block anesthesia may be performed by injecting a local anesthetic agent into the ____ surrounding the ____ nerve

pudendal tissues pudendal

Injuries may occur to the ureters during ligation of the ____ or _____ arteries due to the proximity to the arteries

uterine or ovarian

Ligation of internal iliac artery may need to be performed when there is an ____ _____. It may also be ligated to prevent _____ during surgery.

atherosclerotic stenosis haemorrhage

Pelvic nerves may be compressed during childbirth by the ____, causing pain in ____

fetal head, lower limbs

Injury to the obturator nerve could cause spasms in the muscles of the ___ and loss of sensation in the ____

thigh medial thigh

Blood Supply Of Pelvis Flashcards

(83 cards)