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Haematology > blood donation > Flashcards

blood donation Flashcards

1
Q

Types of donation

A

Whole blood donation
Apheresis donation
Autologous blood donation

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2
Q

Principles of donor selection

A
  • blood shouldnt harm donor
  • donated blood loss can be restored rapidly and completely
  • Blood must harn recipient
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3
Q

Types of blood donors

A

Voluntary donors- do it out of freewill
Replacement donors– come in to donate for sick relative
commercial donors- do it for money

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4
Q

Blood donation process

A

Predonation
blood donation
postdonation

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5
Q

pre donation process

A
  • Donor is screened
  • goes through eligibility criteria
  • deferral criteria,
  • If approved signs consent form
  • medical examination
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6
Q

How is blood processed

A
  1. Blood is screened for
    - HIV 1 and 2
    - Hepatitis B
    - Hepatitis C
    - Syphillis
  2. Blood is seperated into components
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7
Q

Blood components

A 
Packed RBC
FFP
Cryo-precipitates
platelet concentrates
granulocytes
other plasma derivatives
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8
Q

Blood transfusion is

A

The clinical usage of large range therapeutic products prepared by blood centre from whole blood or pooled human plasma

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9
Q

TRansfusion chain

A

Request for transfusiom–> sent for pre transfusion compatibility testing–.>Sample collected to ward after testing—>Administration of blood

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10
Q

In the process of blood administration

A

Documentation of transfusion
care and monitoring of transfusion patient
Manage and report adverse transfusion events
Specification of staff responsible for transfusion

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11
Q

Considerations for blood transfusions

A

Does patient need blood product
Are there alternatives that can achieve same results
Has the right blood product been selected

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12
Q

In sample collection

A

Avoid prelabelling tubes

No sample from preexisting iv line

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13
Q

First choice of whole blood for every group

A

Is that same groups blood. i.e blood group A donor gives blood to blood group A recipient

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14
Q

Blood group AB is

A

A universal recipient

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15
Q

Blood group O

A

a universal donor

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16
Q

Blood group O 2nd,3rd,4th choice of donor

A

none

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17
Q

Blood group A and B 2nd choice of donor

A

O

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18
Q

Blood group A and B 3rd,4th choice of donor

A

none

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19
Q

Blooed group AB second choice of donor

A

A

20
Q

Blood group AB third choice of donor

A

B

21
Q

Blood group AB 4th choice of donor

A

O

22
Q

blood group O 2nd choice for platelets

A

AB

23
Q

Blood group O 3rd choice for platelets

A

A

24
Q

Blood group O 4th choice for platelets

A

B

25
Q

Blood group A 2nd choice - platellets

A

AB

26
Q

Blood group A 3rd choice-platelets

A

B

27
Q

A 4th choice- platelets

A

O

28
Q

B second choice for platelets

A

AB

29
Q

B 3rd choice- platelets

A

A

30
Q

B 4th choice platelets

A

O

31
Q

AB second choice- platelets

A

A

32
Q

AB 3rd choice- platelets

A

B

33
Q

AB 4th choice platelets

A

O

34
Q

Dangerous universal donors

A

Those with high anti-A and anti B causing high hemolytic potential

35
Q

Start transfusion slowly at a rate of

A

2ml/min

36
Q

Check for vital signs

A

within 15 mins

37
Q

Transfuse for a total of

A

4hrs

38
Q

Why do component therapy

A

Provides optimum survival for each component

Allows transfusing specific blood components according to need of patient

Eliminates use of contraindicated component which might be harmful to recipient

39
Q

Indications for whole blood

A

Cases where Hb and blood volume needs to rise at same time

  • Acute massive blood loss
    Severe anemia
    Exchange blood transfusion of neonates
40
Q

1 unit of cocentrated red cells raises hb by

A

1g/dl

41
Q

Indications for platelet transfusion

A
  • Bleeding due to thrombocytopenia
  • Active bleeding with platelet count less than 50 times 10 raised to 9/L
  • Prevention of spontaneous bleeding with counts less than20 times 10 raised to the power 9 per liter
  • Inpending surgery involving CNS, eye, spine where counts are less than 100 times 10 raised to 9
  • Open heart surgery with counts less than 150 times 10 raised to the power 9
  • Treatment of platelet defects i.e ITP, HEPARIN INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA, THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA
42
Q

Survival of platelets in ITP

A

brief

43
Q

FFPs contain

A

All coagulation factors

No need for cross matching

44
Q

FFps used in

A
  • treatment of clotting deficiencies
    -Haemolytic ureamic syndrome
    Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
    Liver dx
    DIC
    Warfarin overdose
    Coagulation factor depletion in massive transfusion
45
Q

Cryoprecipitate

A

Rich in FVIII, fibrinogen, FXIII and vWF

No need for cross match

Used immediately when thawed

46
Q

Indications of cryoprecipitate

A

Haemophilia A

Good source of fibrinogen in DIC
von willebrand factor deficiency

Factor 13 deficiency

47
Q

Blood must be transfused slowly in

A

infants
elderly
patients with cardiovascular dx
risk of fluid overload

Haematology (29 decks)

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