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ANAPHY > BLOOD ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY > Flashcards

BLOOD ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Carrier of gases, nutrients, and waste products

A

BLOOD

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2
Q

enters blood in the lungs and is transported to cells

A

OXYGEN

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3
Q

produced by cells, is transported in the blood to the lungs, from which it is expelled

A

CARBON DIOXIDE

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4
Q

Clotting proteins help stem blood loss when a blood vessel is injured.

A

CLOT FORMATION

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5
Q

Most substances are produced in one part of the body and transported in the blood to another part.

A

TRANSPORT OF PROCESSED MOLECULES

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6
Q

Antibodies help protect the body from pathogens.

A

PROTECTION AGAINST FOREIGN SUBSTANCES

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7
Q

Various hormones and enzymes that regulate body processes are carried from one part of the body to another within the blood.

A

TRANSPORT OF REGULATORY MOLECULES

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8
Q

Warm blood is transported from the inside to the surface of the body, where heat is released from the blood.

A

MAINTENANCE OF BODY TEMPERATURE

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9
Q

an important blood buffer and contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood, which acts to keep water in the blood stream

A

ALBUMIN

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10
Q

color of oxygen-rich blood

A

SCARLET

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11
Q

color of oxygen-poor

A

DULL RED

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Blood is thicker than water

A

TRUE

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Water is thicker than blood

A

FALSE

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14
Q

how many times is blood thicker than water

A

FIVE TIMES

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15
Q

ph of blood

A

7.35 & 7.45

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16
Q

temperature of blood

A

38 degrees celsius

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17
Q

liquid part of the blood

A

PLASMA

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18
Q

how many % of water is plasma

A

90%

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19
Q

are the MOST ABUNDANT SOLUTES in plasma; except for antibodies and protein-based hormones, most ________ are made by the liver.

A

PLASMA PROTEINS

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20
Q

red blood cells, function primarily to ferry oxygen in blood to all cells of the body.

A

ERYTHROCYTES

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21
Q

an iron bearing protein, transports the bulk of oxygen that is carried in the blood.

A

HEMOGLOBIN

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22
Q

shape of red blood cells

A

CELL SHAPED LIKE BIOCONCAV DISCS

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23
Q

number of RBCs

A

5 million cells per cubic mm

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24
Q

normal blood

A

12-18 grams

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25
Q

white blood cells, are far less numerous than red blood cells, they are crucial to body defense against disease.

A

LEUKOCYTES

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26
Q

form a protective, movable army that helps defend the body against damage by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and tumorcells.

A

LEUKOCYTES

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27
Q

White blood cells are able to slip into and out of the blood vessels- a process called

A

DIAPEDESIS

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28
Q

In addition, WBCs can locate areas of tissue damage and infection in the body by responding to certain chemicals that diffuse from the damaged cells; this capability is called

A

POSITIVE CHEMOTAXIS

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29
Q

Once they have “caught the scent”, the WBCs move through the tissue spaces by ___________ (they form flowing cytoplasmic extensions that help move them along).

A

AMEBOID MOTION

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30
Q

A total WBC count above 11, 000 cells/mm3 is referred to as

A

LEUKOCYTOSIS

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31
Q

The opposite condition, is an abnormally low WBC count.

A

LEUKOPENIA

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32
Q

are granule-containing WBCs; they have lobed nuclei, which typically consist of several rounded nuclear areas connected by thin strands of nuclear material, and includesneutrophils,eosinophils, andbasophils.

A

GRANULOCYTES

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33
Q

are the most numerous of the WBCs

A

NEUTROPHILS

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34
Q

neutrophils are avid _________ ( a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles) at sites of acute infection, and are particularly partial to bacteria and fungi.

A

PHAGOCYTES

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35
Q

have blue red nucleus that resembles an old-fashioned telephone; their number increases rapidly during allergies and infections by parasitic worms or entering via the skin.

A

EOSINOPHILS

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36
Q

the rarest of the WBCs, contain large, histamine-containing granules that stain dark blue; histamine is an inflammatory chemical that makes blood vessels leaky and attracts other WBCs to the inflammatory site.

A

BASOPHILS

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37
Q

The second group of WBCs that lack visible cytoplasmic granules; their nuclei are closer to the normal - that is, they are spherical; they are spherical, oval, or kidney-shaped; and they include lymphocytesandmonocytes.

A

AGRANULOCYTES

38
Q

agranulocytes include

A

LYMPHOCYTES AND MONOCYTES

39
Q

have a large, dark purple nucleus that occupies most of the cell volume; they tend to take up residence in lymphatictissues, where they play an important role in the IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

LYMPHOCYTES

40
Q

are the largest of the WBCs; when they migrate into the tissues, they transform into macrophages with huge appetites; macrophages are very important in fighting CHRONIC INFECTIONS.

A

MONOCYTES

41
Q

are a type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills microorganisms, removes dead cells, and stimulates the action of other immune system cells

A

MACROPHAGES

42
Q

Blood cell formation

A

HEMATOPOIESIS

43
Q

where does hematopoiesis occurs

A

IN RED BONE MARROW OR MYELOID TISSUE

44
Q

is your body’s process of making red blood cells

A

ERYTHROPOIESIS

45
Q

ensures you have the right number of blood cells — not too few or too many.

A

ERYTHROPOIESIS

46
Q

ERYTHROPOIESIS

A

PROERYTHROBLAST
ERYTHROBLAST
NORMOBLAST
RETICULOCYTE
ERYTHROCYTE

47
Q

fully mature red blood cell

A

ERYTHROCYTE

48
Q

starts before people are born

A

ERYTHROPOIESIS

49
Q

erythropoiesis takes place in

A

BONE MARROW

50
Q

is the spongy tissue inside of your bones.

A

BONE MARROW

51
Q

is your body’s process of making all three types of blood cells

A

HEMATOPOIESIS

52
Q

THREE TYPES OF BLOOD CELL

A

RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROPOIESIS)
WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOPOIESIS)
PLATELETS (THROMBOPOIESIS)

53
Q

It takes about _____ for a red blood cell to fully mature.

A

A WEEK

54
Q

Red blood cells live for approximately _____ days.

A

120

55
Q

don’t have enough oxygen

A

HYPOXIA

56
Q

A hormone called __________ triggers erythropoiesis.

A

ERYTHROPOIETIN

57
Q

A hormone called _________ spurs red blood cell production

A

ERYTHROPOIETIN

58
Q

are chemical messengers that coordinate essential body functions.

A

HORMONES

59
Q

secrete most of your body’s EPO.

A

KDINEYS

60
Q

YOU DON’T HAVE ENOUGH RED BLOOD CELLS to carry oxygen to your body’s tissues. As a result, you may feel weak, tired or cold.

A

ANEMIA

61
Q

YOU HAVE TOO MANY RED BLOOD CELLS. Depending on what’s causing erythrocytosis, you may experience mild symptoms, like a headache or fatigue. You may be at risk of more severe complications like blood clots.

A

ERYTHTROCYTOSIS

62
Q

dominant alleles

A

A B

63
Q

recessive

A

O

64
Q

The human ABO gene is on _______

A

CHROMOSOME

65
Q

Everyone has ___copies of chromosome so you have two ABO genes.

A

TWO

66
Q

THREE ALLELES

A

A B O

67
Q

two forms of a gene (dominant & recessive)

A

ALLELES

68
Q

pairs of genes that carry the same traits and are located at the same place on pairs of chromosomes

A

ALLELES

69
Q

The GENETIC MAKE UP of an organism

A

GENOTYPE

70
Q

is the VISIBLE PROPERTIES of an organism.

A

PHENOTYPE

71
Q

antibodies produced by blood A

A

anti B

72
Q

antibodies produced by blood B

A

anti A

73
Q

antibodies produced by blood AB

A

none

74
Q

antibodies produced by blood O

A

anti A, anti B

75
Q

antigens produced by blood A

A

A

76
Q

antigens produced by blood B

A

B

77
Q

antigens produced by blood AB

A

AB

78
Q

antigens produced by blood O

A

none

79
Q

is a protein (encoded from the right enzyme) that “sits” on the surface of your RBC.

A

ANTIGEN

80
Q

Blood plasma is packed with proteins called _____.

A

ANTIBODIES

81
Q

receiver ng O-

A

AB+
AB-
A+
A-
B+
B-
O+
O-

82
Q

receiver ng O+

A

AB+
A+
B+
O+

83
Q

receiver ng B-

A

AB+
AB-
B+
B-

84
Q

receiver ng B+

A

AB+
B+

85
Q

receiver ng A-

A

AB+
AB-
A+
A-

86
Q

receiver ng A+

A

AB+
A+

87
Q

receiver ng AB-

A

AB+
AB-

88
Q

receiver ng A+

A

AB+

89
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Men generally have more red blood cells than women.

A

TRUE

90
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
women generally have more red blood cells than men.

A

FALSE - MEN MAS MADAMI

91
Q

If a person has a positive Rh factor, this means that their blood contains a protein that is also found in _______.

A

RHESUS MONKEYS

92
Q

involves testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipient’s serum and of the recipient’s RBCs by the donor serum

A

CROSS MATCHING

ANAPHY (8 decks)

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