Blood Flashcards
What are of thrombocytes leucocytes erythrocytes and plasma
Thrombocytes: small fragments of sells when a blood vessel is injured they adhere to the lining to forma scaffold.
Plasma : a mixture of water with dissolved substances there function is too transport components of blood like nutrients wastes hormones protein and antibiotics though the body
Erythrocytes: also known as red blood cells have no nucleus meaning they only have a short life span off 120 days there function is to carry oxygen from the lungs and though the body
Leukocytes: also know as white blood cells they fight pathogens and protect the body from infection
What are the functions off blood
Transport oxygen and nutrients
Regulation of ph and temperature
Protection from pathogens and toxins
What is haemoglobin and were is it found and why is it suited to carry oxygen
Haemoglobin carries oxygen and is found in red blood cells
Because there is no nucleus in rbc meaning there is more room
Rbc are shaped like biconcave discs which increases the surface for haemoglobin
What happens when Haemoglobin attaches to oxygen
It becomes Oxyhaemoglobin but the bond is Week so that HbO2 can easily release oxygen
Explain the difference between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Oxygenated carried in the arteries besides from (pulmonary artery)
High levels of oxyhaemoglobin
Deoxygenated blood carried in veins beside from the (Pulmonary vein)
Just carry haemoglobin
How is carbon dioxide carried by red blood cells
8% is dissolved by plasma and carried in the solution
22% combines with the Globin bit of haemoglobin to form carbamiahaemoglobin
70% is carried in the plasma as HCO3 ions
How are Nutrients transported
In organic nutrients are transported as ions
Organic nutrients are dissolved in the blood plasma these include glucose vitamins amino acid battery acid and glycerol.
Why does blood clotting occur
To minimise blood loss from broken blood vessel’s and prevent entry of infecting micro organisms
Explain the steps of blood clotting
- Vasco constriction: The muscles in the wall of small arteries have that injured or broken Constrict immediately to reduce bloodflow and blood loss
- Platelet plug: A plug is built up at the side of the injury to reduce blood loss platelets release substances that act as they so constructors and enhance the construction of damaged vessels.
- Coagulation for serious injuries blood clotting or coagulation is necessary a large number of chemical substances Forms a blood clot The formation of threads of insoluble protein called fibrin are created The fibrin and forms a mesh like trap Causes a clot or thrombosis and holds the clot in position.
