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Science for Medicine Ellen > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What type of Leukocyte is best for neutralising parasites?

A

Eosinophils

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2
Q

What causes oncotic pressure?

A

Plasma Proteins

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3
Q

Oncotic pressure acting across a membrane causes a change in plasma…?

A

Volume

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4
Q

What is the most abundant blood cell?

A

Erythrocytes (RBCs)

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5
Q

What is the normal circulatory level of WBCs?

A

1x10^10

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6
Q

What is the normal circulatory level of RBCs?

A

4-6x10^10

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7
Q

What is the average Circulatory Volume for a male adult?

A

1L in blood, 3L in systemic venous circulation, 1L in heart and arterial circulation

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8
Q

Functions of Blood?

A

Carriage of physiologically active compounds and gases, thermoregulation, Clotting and Defence, Maintenance of ECF ph.

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9
Q

What are the 3 plasma protein groups?

A

Albumin, Globulin, Fibrinogen

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10
Q

What is the role of plasma protein, Albumin?

A

Transport of non water soluble molecules

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11
Q

What type of protein is an antibody?

A

Gamma Globulin

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12
Q

What is the role of a neutrophil?

A

Phagocytosis and entrap bacteria in NETs

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of granulocytes?

A

Neutrophils, Eosinophils and Basophils

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14
Q

What is the role of Basophils?

A

Release of histamine and heparin for inflammation

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15
Q

What is the difference between Monocytes and Macrophages?

A

Macrophages are mature monocytes which have already migrated from blood to connective tissue to perform phagocytic role

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16
Q

When viral infection occurs, what leukocyte increases in concentration the most?

A

Lymphocyte

17
Q

What is the role of erythropoietin?

A

Stimulates the creation of erythroblasts from pluripotent stem cells?

18
Q

What increases the secretion of erythropoietin?

A

Decreased delivery of oxygen to the kidney (e.g. through haemorrhage, anaemia, lung disease or cardiac dysfunction.

19
Q

What is the structure of a platelet?

A

Megakaryocyte cell fragment- cytoplasm wrapped in membrane, no nucleus.

20
Q

What is the function of a platelet?

A

Adhere to damaged vessel walls and exposed connective tissue. Allow a fine mesh to form before blood clotting occurs.

21
Q

What is meant by haematocrit?

A

The volume percentage of RBCs in blood.
Typically 40-54% in males
Typically 37-47% in females

22
Q

What is meant by viscosity?

A

How thick blood is compared to water

23
Q

What three factors affect blood viscosity?

A

Haematocrit, temperature and flow rate

Science for Medicine Ellen (22 decks)

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